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While live probiotics are popular alternatives, their real\u2010world effectiveness remains highly controversial. Variable effectiveness results from complex interactions with different fish species, differences in fish gastrointestinal anatomy, and variations in environmental parameters such as salinity, pH, and temperature. Furthermore, live probiotics pose risks of ecological disturbance and horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance. This critical review assesses these limitations and proposes postbiotics, preparations of inanimate microorganisms and their metabolites, as a more stable, controlled, and biosafe formulation. Postbiotics offer significant advantages during industrial aquafeed production and storage. However, their practical implementation is currently hindered by vague terminology and legislative gaps. 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