{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:03:47Z","timestamp":1789621427247,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32571440"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571440"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RNA genome functions as a highly structured regulatory scaffold. Although bioinformatic analyses predict widespread RNA G\u2010quadruplexes (G4s) across the viral genome, their structural diversity and regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report a diverse landscape of viral G4s encompassing parallel and non\u2010canonical topologies with remarkable thermostability. Unlike typical eukaryotic G4s, these two\u2010tetrad viral G4s exhibit a hierarchical ion\u2010dependent mechanism, in which K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    establishes the core fold, and Mg\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    acts as a secondary regulator promoting conformational compaction. Single\u2010molecule FRET analysis further distinguishes rigid, long\u2010lived G4 folds from highly dynamic, metastable species, defining a continuum of conformational states along the viral genome. Functionally, we identify a synergistic yet competitive interplay between the viral nucleocapsid (N) protein and host helicase DDX21. While the N protein acts as a molecular chaperone to promote G4 folding, DDX21 selectively resolves these structures in an ATP\u2010dependent manner. Strikingly, N and DDX21 jointly constitute a finely tuned, ATP\u2010driven molecular switch, where ATP availability dictates the equilibrium between G4\u2010stabilized and resolved states. Our findings establish a mechanistic framework for the active regulation of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RNA architecture and reveal a multilayered host\u2013virus regulatory axis that modulates viral genome heterogeneity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:31:04Z","timestamp":1789619464000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An ATP\u2010Driven N Protein\u2013DDX21 Molecular Switch Dynamically Controls SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 RNA G\u2010Quadruplex Heterogeneity"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Ya\u2010Ting","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Northwest A&amp;F University  Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Yan","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life 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