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Here, we report a bio\u2010inspired vision sensor that emulates the spectral adaptation mechanism of the Pacific salmon retina leveraging a van der Waals heterojunction of NbNiTe\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and black phosphorus (BP). Operating at zero bias, the device exhibits intrinsic wavelength\u2010dependent antagonistic photoresponses: negative photoconductance under 365\u00a0nm ultraviolet illumination (mimicking visual suppression in bright environments) and positive photoconductance under 820\u00a0nm near\u2010infrared light (emulating visual enhancement in dim conditions). This built\u2010in adaptability enables robust environmental perception across extreme illumination scenarios, from high\u2010glare daylight to low\u2010light nights. Furthermore, we integrated this sensor into a full functional system that unifies image perception, non\u2010volatile storage, and in\u2010sensor processing. When deployed for traffic scenario analysis, a convolutional neural network trained on features extracted by the sensor achieved 96% classification accuracy, with performance scaling proportionally to the system's noise suppression capability. Our work establishes a practical strategy for high\u2010contrast bidirectional photonic synapses and highlights the potential of biomimetic systems in neuromorphic vision \u2014 particularly for autonomous driving and intelligent surveillance, where reliable operation across diverse spectral environments is critical.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:52:41Z","timestamp":1789620761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Bio\u2010Inspired Visual Sensor With UV\u2010to\u2010NIR Fusion for Enhanced Recognition in Autonomous Driving Systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Tianle","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center For High Pressure Science (CHiPS) State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University  Qinhuangdao 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