{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T15:01:07Z","timestamp":1790780467466,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52372265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52372265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52502339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52502339"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515030132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515030132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026A1515010421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026A1515010421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Achieving on\u2010demand glucose control to prevent postprandial spikes remains a significant challenge in diabetes management. Here, we present a programmable self\u2010heating microneedle (PSH\u2010MN) patch for on\u2010demand, timed\u2011sequence insulin delivery. The patch features a three\u2010dimensional\u200c (3D)\u2010printed backing with four quadrants, each with a calcium oxide (CaO)\u2010based exothermic mixture and a water capsule. MN tips made of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for insulin loading are spray\u2010coated with a phase\u2010change material (PCM), forming a thermosensitive barrier for controlled, sequential release. The patch possesses sufficient mechanical strength for skin penetration (&gt;760\u00a0\u00b5m) and maintains good stability for long\u2010term storage (&gt;3 months). Mechanical activation of a quadrant triggers a rapid self\u2010heating exothermic reaction (\u223c80\u00b0C within 1\u00a0min) that melts the coating, accelerates PVP dissolution, and enables on\u2010demand insulin release. In vitro studies confirm programmable, sequential drug release with spatial control and linear dose\u2011response. After systematic biosafety validation, the activated patch lowers blood glucose to normal levels within 2\u00a0h and sustains it for over 3\u00a0h in a diabetic rat model. Sequential quadrant activation in glucose tolerance tests successfully counteracts four consecutive meal\u2010mimicking spikes within 24\u00a0h. This PSH\u2010MN patch offers a robust, biosafe, and user\u2010friendly platform for programmable insulin delivery, providing a promising approach for personalized diabetes management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1790532031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Programmable Self\u2010Heating Microneedle Patch for on\u2010Demand Postprandial Glucose Management"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guifang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jincai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9810-4016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiling","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingxing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehan","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanhan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8045-3856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jundong","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Guangzhou Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010025\u201003849\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.3c00078"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255\u2010022\u201000618\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.11.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.12.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300\u2010023\u201001394\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574\u2010021\u201000542\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16070944"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2003.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222\u2010023\u201000141\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222\u2010023\u201000108\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2024.115478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.113794"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820\u2010025\u201001662\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202412140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201053280\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201061549\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202102547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202422274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c05687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmm2.12044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.1c01434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346\u2010021\u201000981\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba7260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951\u2010025\u201003432\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346\u2010021\u201001077\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201902004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2021.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202203274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add3197"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c05562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551\u2010019\u20100508\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c03807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.92910"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c06147"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.2c02863"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2003.10.025"}],"container-title":["Advanced Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.77887","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/advs.77887","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/advs.77887","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:47:45Z","timestamp":1790779665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/advs.77887"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/advs.77887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/advs.77887","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-3844","2198-3844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-3844","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-3844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e77887"}}