{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:00:01Z","timestamp":1790791201634,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["250213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["250213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["260224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["260224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advanced Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Combined exposure to thermal and antibiotic stresses is ubiquitous. How cells adapt to these concurrent cues at the single\u2010gene level remains unresolved. Here, we show that in\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , both cold and heat shock responses dominate antibiotic stress responses across multiple levels of physiology. Using RNA\u2010seq, we demonstrate that combined exposure produces transcriptomes that are largely indistinguishable from those induced by thermal shifts alone. Flow\u2010cytometry measurements across intermediate temperatures and increasing ofloxacin concentrations further show that temperature\u2010like responses are more prevalent outside the 30\u00b0C\u201339\u00b0C range. This dominance arises from temperature\u2010driven changes in ATP levels and nucleoid organization, which in turn modulate DNA gyrase and RNA polymerase engagement with DNA. Combined exposure also induces SoxS\u2010 and MarA\u2010mediated efflux systems more strongly than individual stresses. Machine learning analysis identifies CRP and \u03c3\n                    <jats:sup>38<\/jats:sup>\n                    as key gene expression regulators under combined stress. Molecular dynamics simulations show that drug\u2010target conformational plasticity is altered under combined conditions. Cross\u2010species simulations across six bacterial species with distinct pathogenic profiles reveal that thermal modulation of antibiotic response is partially conserved across evolutionarily distant species. Together, the results identify temperature as a critical determinant of antibiotic response, suggesting that thermal shifts may facilitate bacterial adaptation to antibiotics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.77965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:00:31Z","timestamp":1790532031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thermal Shifts Dominate Single\u2010Gene Responses to Transcription\u2010Targeting Antibiotics"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9537-4221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Jagadeesan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1431-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir 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