{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:56:34Z","timestamp":1778165794227,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AEM Education and Training"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Ultrasound (US<\/jats:styled-content>) has been a regular practice in emergency departments for several decades. Thus, train our students to US<\/jats:styled-content> is of prime interest. Because US<\/jats:styled-content> image acquisition ability can be very different from a patient to another (depending on image quality), it seems relevant to adapt US<\/jats:styled-content> learning curves (LC<\/jats:styled-content>s) to patient image quality using tools based on cumulative summation (CUSUM<\/jats:styled-content>) as the risk\u2010adjusted LC CUSUM<\/jats:styled-content> (RLC<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objectives<\/jats:title>The aim of this study was to monitor LC<\/jats:styled-content> of medical students for the acquisition of abdominal emergency US<\/jats:styled-content> views and to adapt these curves to patient image quality using RLC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We asked medical students to perform abdominal US<\/jats:styled-content> examinations with the acquisition of 11 views of interest on emergency patients after a learning session. Emergency physicians reviewed the student examinations for validation. LC<\/jats:styled-content>s were plotted and the student was said proficient for a specific view if his LC<\/jats:styled-content> reached a predetermined limit fixed by simulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Seven students with no previous experience in US<\/jats:styled-content> were enrolled. They performed 19 to 50 examinations of 11 views each. They achieve proficiency for a median of 9 (6\u201310) views. Aorta and right pleura views were validated by seven students; inferior vena cava, right kidney, and bladder by six; gallbladder and left kidney by five; portal veins and portal hilum by four; and subxyphoid and left pleura by three. The number of US<\/jats:styled-content> examinations required to reach proficiency ranged from five to 41 depending on the student and on the type of view. LC<\/jats:styled-content> showed that students reached proficiency with different learning speeds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>This study suggests that, when monitoring LC<\/jats:styled-content>s for abdominal emergency US<\/jats:styled-content>, there is some heterogeneity in the learning process depending on the student skills and the type of view. Therefore, rules based on a predetermined number of examinations to reach proficiency are not satisfactory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aet2.10073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,16]],"date-time":"2017-10-16T20:05:23Z","timestamp":1508184323000},"page":"10-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Monitoring Personalized Learning Curves for Emergency Ultrasound With Risk\u2010adjusted Learning\u2010curve Cumulative Summation Method"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Olivier","family":"Peyrony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9a","family":"Legay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivonne","family":"Morra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Verrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Milacic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Franchitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jihed","family":"Amami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariane","family":"Gillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kouchiar","family":"Azarnoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"},{"name":"Emergency Department HFR Fribourg Hospital Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arben","family":"Elezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e9lia","family":"Bragan\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Taboulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Bourrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Paul","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Resche\u2010Rigon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Medical Information Department Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Paris France"},{"name":"Statistic and Epidemiologic Research Center Paris Cit\u00e9 (CRESS) ECSTRA Team Paris France"},{"name":"Diderot University Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2016.08.457"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s13341-016-0649-5","article-title":"Premier niveau de comp\u00e9tence pour l\u2019\u00e9chographie clinique en m\u00e9decine d'urgence. 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