{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:39:59Z","timestamp":1790354399688,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AEM Education and Training"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our aim was to conduct a large, case\u2010based diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) simulation exercise with a goal to improve the DEI pillars of cultural and structural awareness for residents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Utilizing data resulting in poor health outcomes, the top eight themes were utilized, and via a modified Delphi approach, a diverse group of faculty developed representative cases. A mass simulation effort was organized with the assistance of our local simulation office. Twenty residents in groups of two to three rotated through all scenarios. Each resident group was allotted 15\u00a0min for each scenario. After each case, resident teams received feedback from standardized patients and a debrief together with the simulation directors. Pre\u2010 and postsimulation surveys were developed and distributed to residents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty residents completed the simulation. Eighteen completed a pre\u2010 and postsimulation survey. Every resident rated the overall usefulness of this activity as a 5.0 on a scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest score. All cases demonstrated an improvement in the residents perceived confidence on a 9\u2010point Likert scale. All residents reported improved understanding of key concepts in health care disparities as related to race\/ethnicity, homelessness, LGBTQIA, and their own biases. The largest improvement was seen in the overarching theme of \u201cdifficult conversations\u201d with a presimulation survey mean of 3.9 and postsimulation survey mean of 6.5 (delta\u00a0=\u00a0+2.6, 95% confidence interval\u00a0= 1.9 to 3.3, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emergency medicine residency programs must fulfill their obligation to DEI efforts and national requirements while ensuring competency clinically. Mass simulation exercises are a way to incorporate this training. This preliminary data shows promise for a solution and can be easily duplicated. Diversity, health equity, inclusivity, and cultural humility can be effectively taught by an innovative mass simulation effort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/aet2.10680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T23:25:52Z","timestamp":1632957952000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Teaching emergency medicine residents health equity through simulation immersion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2115-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Ward\u2010Gaines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9855-8915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennie A.","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine &amp; University of Colorado Department of Emergency Medicine Denver Denver Health &amp; Hospital Authority Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christy","family":"Angerhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Aurora University of Colorado Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-6317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine &amp; University of Colorado Department of Emergency Medicine Denver Denver Health &amp; Hospital Authority Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten J.","family":"Broadfoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine &amp; University of Colorado Department of Emergency Medicine Denver Denver Health &amp; Hospital Authority Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elshimaa","family":"Basha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE) Communication Skills Development University of Colorado Aurora Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Blake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE) Communication Skills Development University of Colorado Aurora Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brena","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE) Communication Skills Development University of Colorado Aurora Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9444-1717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. Gannon","family":"Sungar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine &amp; University of Colorado Department of Emergency Medicine Denver Denver Health &amp; Hospital Authority Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"ACGME program requirements for graduate medical education in emergency medicine. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. June 13 2020. Accessed February 20 2021.https:\/\/www.acgme.org\/Portals\/0\/PFAssets\/ProgramRequirements\/110_EmergencyMedicine_2020_TCC.pdf?ver=2020\u201006\u201026\u2010125900\u2010147"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.9.1058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-12-00085.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2019.01.006"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10853","DOI":"10.15766\/mep_2374-8265.10853","article-title":"A novel simulation to assess residents\u2019 utilization of a medical interpreter","volume":"22","author":"Zdradzinski MJ","year":"2019","journal-title":"MedEdPORTAL"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15766\/mep_2374-8265.10861"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report.Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. May 2013. Accessed February 21 2021.https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/research\/findings\/nhqrdr\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Team STEPPS\u00ae. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Accessed February 21 2021.https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/teamstepps\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"I\u2010ACT (Interprofessional Anschutz Communication Skills Toolbox) Videos. University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE). c2021. Accessed February 21 2021.https:\/\/medschool.cuanschutz.edu\/cape\/training\/communication\/i\u2010act\u2010toolbox\u2010videos"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03340060055026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Teaching and Learning Communication Skills in Medicine","author":"Kurtz SM","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2009.00384.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"AcostaD.Achieving excellence through equity diversity and inclusion. Association of American Medical Colleges Insights. January 14 2020. Accessed April 18 2021.https:\/\/www.aamc.org\/news\u2010insights\/achieving\u2010excellence\u2010through\u2010equity\u2010diversity\u2010and\u2010inclusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"KhanS.An inclusive residency program doesn\u2019t only come from diversity. September 21 2020. Accessed April 18 2021.https:\/\/opmed.doximity.com\/articles\/an\u2010inclusive\u2010residency\u2010program\u2010doesn\u2010t\u2010only\u2010come\u2010from\u2010diversity"}],"container-title":["AEM Education and Training"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aet2.10680","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/aet2.10680","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aet2.10680","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T01:12:32Z","timestamp":1693357952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aet2.10680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aet2.10680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aet2.10680","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-5390","2472-5390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-5390","type":"print"},{"value":"2472-5390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}