{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:06:30Z","timestamp":1792699590268,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003551","name":"Royal Canin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Genetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The Animal Variant Classification Guidelines (AVCG) were developed to standardize and objectify the classification of putative disease\u2010causing variants. These guidelines are sufficiently reproducible and are used to classify previously published and new disease\u2010causing variants across species. Here, the guidelines are updated (AVCG.v2), based on a three\u2010phase decision process. Overall, four new criteria and seven clarifying comments were added. The number of criteria has increased from 23 to 27, with three new criteria supporting pathogenicity and one new criterion supporting benign classification. Pharmacogenomic variants were determined to fall within the scope of the guidelines. These updated guidelines are being used by the Variant Pathogenicity Working Group (VPWG), part of the Animal Genetic Testing Standardization standing committee, which is a committee of elected members of the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG). Under the auspices of ISAG, the VPWG retrospectively classifies published putative disease\u2010causing variants. The pathogenicity label for a variant will be presented in the variant tables of Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA;\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/omia.org\/\">https:\/\/omia.org\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ). The AVCGv.2 criteria and recommendations were developed by the expertise of the animal genetics community and the ISAG Executive Committee through the Animal Genetics Testing Standardization Committee endorses and strongly encourages their use to evaluate the evidence supporting pathogenicity of putative disease\u2010causing variants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/age.70197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:27:50Z","timestamp":1788578870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Animal Variant Classification Guidelines v2: An Update With New Criteria and Improved Clarifications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4550-0820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lore","family":"Desmet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"},{"name":"Center of Clinical Genetics for Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4853-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlotta","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of Milan  Lodi Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5615-7897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Abitbol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VetAgro Sup Univ. Lyon  Marcy\u2010l'Etoile France"},{"name":"Institut NeuroMyoG\u00e8ne INMG\u2010PGNM, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Rockefeller Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5561-0901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"},{"name":"Wisdom Panel, Mars Petcare Science &amp; Diagnostics  Fountain Valley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7614-7207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danika","family":"Bannasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboklin GmbH &amp; Co. KG  Bad Kissingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerold","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Tufts University  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2324-7965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00fcket","family":"Bilgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeneControl GmbH  Grub Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Chevallier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U955\u2014IMRB, Team 10\u2014Biology of the Neuromuscular System, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Ecole Nationale V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d'Alfort  Maisons\u2010Alfort France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6968-3864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Dufaure de Citres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antagene\u2014Animal Genomics Laboratory  La Tour de Salvagny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Donner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenomeTails Pet Genetic Counselling and Consulting Services  Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5924-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carrie J.","family":"Finno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine  Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8365-3303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Giovambattista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Genetics (IGEVET, UNLP\u2010CONICET), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences National University of La Plata  La Plata Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9614-9111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven M.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ambry Genetics  Aliso Viejo California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6213-5013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica J.","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cornell Veterinary Biobank, College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3402-023X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens","family":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason T.","family":"Huff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wisdom Panel, Mars Petcare Science &amp; Diagnostics  Fountain Valley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0553-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tosso","family":"Leeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6617-0454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Ljungvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7863-1855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Longeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of Milan  Lodi Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1628-7726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie A.","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4666-2910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Genetics Laboratory Sociedad Rural Argentina  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2336-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cathryn","family":"Mellersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Canine Genetics Centre University of Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9178-3965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank W.","family":"Nicholas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1116-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Ohlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5438-8555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska\u2010Lincoln  Lincoln Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9375-2599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascale","family":"Smets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria G.","family":"Strillacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences University of Milan  Lodi Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5520-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imke","family":"Tammen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science The University of Sydney  Camden Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Van Buren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orivet Genetic Pet Care  Knoxville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5460-6540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank G.","family":"van Steenbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6742-3911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart J. G.","family":"Broeckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"},{"name":"Center of Clinical Genetics for Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke\u2010Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/age.70020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1497817"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/age.70003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/age.70145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12711\u2010025\u201001005\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/age.70059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/humu\/2475635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2010025\u201005225\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12711\u2010025\u201001002\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438\u2010025\u201002290\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gim.2025.101613"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201098414\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"Nicholas F. W. I.Tammen andSydney Informatics Hub.2025.\u201cOnline Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA).\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2015.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/age.70013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335\u2010024\u201010059\u2010y"}],"container-title":["Animal Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/age.70197","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/age.70197","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/age.70197","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:19:49Z","timestamp":1792660789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/age.70197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/age.70197"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/age.70197","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-9146","1365-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-9146","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70197"}}