{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T14:18:50Z","timestamp":1747145930075,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aging Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation due to airway and\/or alveolar abnormalities with significant extra\u2010pulmonary manifestations. Bone health impairment is an extra\u2010pulmonary complication of COPD which is less well studied in India. Moreover, it can contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Hence, we aim to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis and metabolic parameters of adverse bone health in patients with COPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this case control study, male subjects aged 40\u201370\u2009years with COPD attending the respiratory outpatient clinic in a tertiary care hospital were recruited over a period of 2\u2009years and the control population were derived from the historical cohort who were apparently healthy with no obvious diseases. Metabolic parameters of bone health measured from fasting blood samples were calcium, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorous, parathormone, creatinine, 25\u2010hydroxy vitamin D, and testosterone. Bone mineral density (BMD) was estimated using DXA scan and the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria was used to categorize into osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal BMD based on the T\u2010score at femoral neck, lumbar spine and distal forearm. Pulmonary function tests and 6\u2009minute walk test were performed if they had not been done in the previous 3\u2009months. The associations of COPD with osteoporosis were analyzed using linear regression analysis and effect size are presented as beta with 95% confidence interval.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 67 participants with COPD enrolled in the study, osteoporosis was present in 61% (41\/67) and osteopenia in an additional 33% (22\/67) of the cases, which was higher when compared to the control population (osteoporosis 20% [50\/252] and osteopenia 58% [146\/252]). In regression modeling, there was a trend toward adverse bone health with advanced age, low body mass index, low forced expiratory volume in 1\u00a0second and testosterone deficiency in COPD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with COPD have a substantially higher prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia, up to almost twice that of the general population, with a significant number demonstrating at least one parameter of adverse metabolic bone health on assessment. Hence, bone health assessment should be a part of comprehensive COPD care to prevent adverse consequences due to poor bone health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/agm2.12239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T08:15:48Z","timestamp":1673511348000},"page":"63-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bone health in ambulatory male patients with chronic obstructive airway disease \u2013 A case control study from India"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1461-0534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Sadiq","family":"Jeeyavudeen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism University Hospitals of Edinburgh  Edinburgh UK"},{"name":"Department of General Medicine Christian Medical College and Hospital  Vellore 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