{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T11:15:32Z","timestamp":1788434132577,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Gastroent Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a serious complication of major hepatectomy and is closely related to perioperative mortality. Whether or not indocyanine green (ICG) is used to measure liver function varies by country. Using machine learning, we aimed to develop two highly accurate, user\u2010friendly models for predicting PHLF depending on whether ICG data were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective, three\u2010center study. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) evaluated the feature importance of Random Forest (RF) analysis. SHAP quantitatively assessed the impact of each feature on model predictions and identified the three most important features in both ICG\u2010used and ICG\u2010unused models. A Decision Tree (DT) model was constructed using two of these three key features to enhance clinical interpretability. PHLF was defined as Grade B or C according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Feature importance was calculated using the SHAP analysis, in the ICG\u2010used model the ICG clearance rate (ICGK) multiplied by the percentage of remaining liver measured by CT volumetry (ICGK\u2010F), CRP, and operative procedure were identified as the three highest factors, whereas the predicted liver resection rate, CRP, and total bilirubin were identified as the most important features in the ICG\u2010unused model. In the constructed DT model, we categorized the cases into negative and positive, and the negative cases were further classified into three categories based on their risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These models may offer a simple and practical approach for predicting the risk of PHLF and hold promise for future clinical application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ags3.70187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T02:30:59Z","timestamp":1769826659000},"page":"1193-1200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Machine Learning Model for Predicting Posthepatectomy Liver Failure After Hepatectomy With Extrahepatic Bile Duct Resection for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: With and Without Indocyanine Green"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6560-2895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Homma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ohya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryusei","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isamu","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  Chiba City Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Takayashiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  Chiba City Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Ome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichiro","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Higuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of 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