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To that end, 42 male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats underwent stereotaxic surgery at 40 days of age; 21 received small electrolytic lesions to their left\u2010side TMNu (lesioned group) while 21 had TMNu stimulation with no actual electrolytic lesion produced (sham group). Seven rats from each group were killed at 28, 56, and 84 days postoperative to analyze trigeminal motoneuron (TMNe) count, masticatory muscle weight, and osteological growth vector data. At all three time periods, lesioned animals showed significant differences (1) between the surgery and nonsurgery sides, and (2) from sham animals. However, sham animals also demonstrated significant between\u2010side differences for medial pterygoid muscle weight (56 days), mandibular height (28 and 56 days), and mandibular length data (84 days); these data suggested that even relatively slight damage to TMNe can create morphological changes within the craniofacial complex. Snout deviation in a lesioned rat towards the opposite side from all other lesioned animals was correlated with unique damage to its pontine reticular formation; this suggested that the observed morphological alterations of the craniofacial complex may have been due not only to TMNu damage, but also to changed expressions of the masticatory central pattern generator (CPG). Morphological alterations of the craniofacial skeleton resulting from lesions to the TMNu were likely due to changed neuromuscular activity patterns of the masticatory muscles and their biomechanical effects upon bone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001890202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,27]],"date-time":"2005-02-27T02:27:11Z","timestamp":1109471231000},"page":"93-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Craniofacial alterations following electrolytic lesions of the trigeminal motor nucleus in actively growing rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Kenneth E.","family":"Byrd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen T.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Sokoloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330170204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330190106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Effects of dietary consistency on craniofacial and occlusal development in the rat","volume":"51","author":"Beecher R. 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