{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:53:32Z","timestamp":1791291212377,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,3]],"date-time":"2005-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3413,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand\u2010activated transcription factor with a basic region\/helix\u2010loop\u2010helix (bHLH) motif. AhR has been sequenced and the functional domains defined and there is information on the formation of complexes with other peptides and interactions with DNA, although these areas continue to be investigated. AhR mediates many biological effects such as developmental toxicity, including induction of cleft palate and hydronephrosis. This regulatory protein is expressed in embryonic liver and has been immunohistochemically localized in cells of human and mouse secondary palate. The expression of AhR in embryonic tissues and its ability to disrupt development suggests a significant role for this protein in development. The present study examines the pattern of AhR expression in the C57BL\/6N mouse embryo from gestation days (GD) 10\u201316, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis. AhR mRNA was localized with <jats:sup>35<\/jats:sup>S\u2010RNA antisense riboprobe (cAh1 probe, 1.8 Kb amino terminal DNA). AhR protein was localized with purified monoclonal antibody (RPT\u20109) raised against the N\u2010terminal peptide sequence. AhR mRNA and protein were expressed in GD 10\u201313 neuroepithelium, and as development progressed the levels in brain decreased. GD 10\u201312 embryos also showed AhR in branchial arches, heart, somites, and liver. AhR protein and mRNA in heart were highest at GD 10\u201311 and decreased with age. In liver, AhR mRNA and protein levels increased and nuclear localization became more pronounced with gestational age. In GD 14\u201316 embryos levels in liver and adrenal were highest, but AhR was present in ectoderm, bone, and muscle. AhR expression was specific for both cell type, organ\/tissue, and developmental stage, suggesting that this novel ligand\u2010activated transcriptional regulator may be important in normal embryonic development. \u00a9 1995 wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<jats:fn><jats:p>This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.<\/jats:p><\/jats:fn>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1002040204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,26]],"date-time":"2005-02-26T21:01:12Z","timestamp":1109451672000},"page":"133-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"title":["Developmental expression of two members of a new class of transcription factors: I. Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the C57BL\/6N mouse embryo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"204","author":[{"given":"B. D.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. S.","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. H.","family":"Perdew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90010-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(90)90337-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1002040205"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420450104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1085"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1191"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420500507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Biological Basis for Risk Assessment of Dioxins and Related Compounds","author":"Birnbaum L. S.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Progress in Clinical and Biological Research","author":"Birnbaum L. S.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420330106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90177-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.21.9543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.17.8185"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)92861-9","article-title":"Dioxin induces transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b1 in human keratinocytes","volume":"266","author":"Choi E. J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420420606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61375-4","article-title":"The receptor for 2,3,7,8\u2010tetrachlorodibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxin in the mouse hepatoma cell line Hepa 1c1c7. A comparison with the glucocorticoid receptor and the mouse and rat hepatic dioxin receptors","volume":"262","author":"Cuthill S.","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32690-X","article-title":"Photoaffinity labeling of the Ah receptor with 3\u2010[3H]methylcholanthrene and formation of a 165\u2010kDa complex between the ligand\u2010binding subunit and a novel cytosolic protein","volume":"269","author":"de Morais S. M. F.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcm.1770010408"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(88)80566-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)77819-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)13282-3","article-title":"Cloning and expression of a human Ah receptor cDNA","volume":"44","author":"Dolwick K. M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1987-0338.ch001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"2265","article-title":"Gene expression and cell proliferation in rat liver after 2,3,7,8\u2010tetrachlorodibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxin exposure","volume":"53","author":"Fox T. R.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.10.4179"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1154"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35805-8","article-title":"2,3,7,8\u2010tetrachlorodibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxin\u2010dependent regulation of transforming growth factors\u2010\u03b1 and \u2010\u03b22 expression in a human keratinocyte cell line involves both transcriptional and post\u2010transcriptional control","volume":"267","author":"Gaido K. W.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1994.1160"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9084(91)90075-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00441a041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1852076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(85)90324-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(93)90258-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32810-7","article-title":"Genetic differences in induction of cytosol reduced\u2010NAD(P): menadione oxicoreductase and microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in the mouse","volume":"252","author":"Kumaki K.","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420160206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)10943-7","article-title":"Influence of the Ah locus on the effects of 2,3,7,8\u2010tetrachlorodibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxin on the hepatic epidermal growth factor receptor","volume":"39","author":"Lin F. H.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4438","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)41799-6","article-title":"Purification of the DNA binding form of dioxin receptor","volume":"269","author":"Mason G. G. F.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb35928.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(94)90316-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","first-page":"407","volume-title":"Tumor Promoters: Biological Approaches for Mechanistic Studies and Assay Systems","author":"Osborne R.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)68314-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(05)80111-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9848","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)81594-6","article-title":"Purification of the Ah receptor from C57BL\/6J mouse liver","volume":"263","author":"Perdew G. H.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hyb.1995.14.279"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10408449309105013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)14074-1","article-title":"2,3,7,8\u2010tetrachlorodibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxin: Segregation of toxicity with the Ah locus","volume":"17","author":"Poland A.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.22.040182.002505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42274-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcm.1770040505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)13218-5","article-title":"Role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator protein in aryl hydrocarbon (Dioxin) receptor action","volume":"44","author":"Probst M. R.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.256.5060.1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.730587","article-title":"Toxicology of chlorinated dibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxins","volume":"5","author":"Schwetz B. A.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(92)90519-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1925598"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-199310000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Dioxin\u2010responsive genes: Examination of dose\u2010response relationship using quantitative reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction","volume":"54","author":"Vanden Heuvel J. P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.13.4.2504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06654-2","article-title":"The regulation of gene expression by 2,3,7,8\u2010tetrachlorodibenzo\u2010p\u2010dioxin","volume":"39","author":"Whitlock J. P.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx00036a003"}],"container-title":["Developmental Dynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Faja.1002040204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/aja.1002040204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T14:36:47Z","timestamp":1759847807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/aja.1002040204"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,10]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/aja.1002040204"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aja.1002040204","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-8388","1097-0177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-8388","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,10]]}}}