{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:59:11Z","timestamp":1792180751675,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CE003298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CE003298"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32\u2010MH18921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32\u2010MH18921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31HD116419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31HD116419"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J of Comm Psychol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The purpose of this participatory action, mixed methods research study was to identify motivations related to firearm carrying from a qualitative perspective, and then to use quantitative research to characterize the patterns of motivations around carrying. Qualitative interview participants were 249 individuals aged 13 to 86 (68% male; 52% Black). About 52% identified as firearm owners; 48% lived in a high\u2010violence area. A nationally representative sample of 1674 adults (50% female;\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200948 years old; 61.4% White; 39% household firearm owners) and a sample of 834 youth in the Southeastern United States (53% male;\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200916 years old; 46% White) participated in surveys. Qualitative reasons for carrying included protection for self or others, exercising rights, carrying as default, and carrying in perceived unsafe situations. Reasons for not carrying included general lack of need to carry; belief that guns increase risk; external regulation; and discomfort with guns. Latent class analysis of adults and youth indicated distinct patterns of motivations for carrying and not carrying, with a\n                    <jats:italic>Rights &amp; Protection<\/jats:italic>\n                    class carrying at the highest frequency. Multisystemic prevention programs may leverage existing motivations against carrying and address motivations for carrying in order to reduce risky carrying.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajcp.70098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T10:29:28Z","timestamp":1786357768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Firearm carrying practices and motivations: A mixed methods study among adults and youth"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7448-9393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krista R.","family":"Mehari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health Michigan State University Flint Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6423-7221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colleen S.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4543-2558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Taylor Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Human Development Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1034-1277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmine N.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Tennessee\u2010Knoxville Knoxville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8648-3442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Ellyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9364-3907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip N.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2019.1626733"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.028662"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0743558408322142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107179"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2019.105891"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7226a9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00988593"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2011.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2010.00183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.155.3.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garnett M. 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