{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T16:53:36Z","timestamp":1760547216006},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,27]],"date-time":"2002-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have examined the independent effect of vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency on hematological indices in older Chinese vegetarian women using a cross\u2010sectional study design: 119 women older than 55 years who had been vegetarian for more than 3 years were studied. Fasting blood samples were taken for complete blood count, serum iron, total serum iron binding capacity, serum iron saturation, serum vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>, serum folate, serum methylmalonic acid levels (MMA), and renal function test. Subjects with iron deficiency (iron saturation &lt;15%) and those with serum creatinine &gt;150 mmol\/L were excluded. The prevalence of definite vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency (vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> level &lt; 150 pmol\/L and MMA \u2265 0.4 \u03bcmol\/L) was 42%. Another 32.8% had possible vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency (either criterion). The prevalence of iron deficiency was 10%. After exclusions, 96 subjects were further analyzed. Vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency defined by serum vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> and MMA was associated with a decrease in hemoglobin concentrations by up to 0.9 g\/dL, but it was not associated with an increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Serum MMA but not vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> levels correlated inversely with hemoglobin and platelet counts and positively with MCV, after adjustment of confounding factors. However, the percentage of subjects with anemia did not increase significantly until serum MMA became &gt;1.0 \u03bcmol\/L. In conclusion, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency was associated with a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration. However, anemia associated with vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> deficiency was seldom macrocytic. We recommend that older vegetarians should be given vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> supplements routinely. Am. J. Hematol. 70:186\u2013190, 2002. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.10134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T11:34:39Z","timestamp":1033904079000},"page":"186-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Independent effect of vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub> deficiency on hematological status in older Chinese vegetarian women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Kwok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.K.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.P.","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/48.3.712","article-title":"Health aspects of vegetarian diets","volume":"48","author":"Dwyer JT","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/50.4.718"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Vitamin B12, folic acid and haematological status of 132 Thai vegetarians","volume":"63","author":"Tungtrongchitr R","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Vitamin Nutr Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19780089"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1976.tb00943.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"304","article-title":"Haematological parameters, ferritin and vitamin B12 in vegetarians","volume":"82","author":"Pongstaporn W","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thailand"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/59.5.1213S","article-title":"Staging vitamin B12 (cobalamin) status in vegetarians","volume":"59","author":"Herbert V","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19970118"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00248.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/60.1.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/27.4.455"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(01)00666-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830340204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7292.958"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00313028909059527"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19900035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"538","article-title":"Nutrient intake and haematological status of vegetarians and age\u2013sex matched omnivores","volume":"48","author":"Alexander D","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600874"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1614598"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"123","volume-title":"The health of the elderly in Hong Kong","author":"Janus ED","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7298.1355"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","unstructured":"ChavesPH VolpatoS FriedL.Challenging the world health organization criteria for anemia in older women. 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