{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T20:09:01Z","timestamp":1787947741681,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,21]],"date-time":"2003-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1048204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence of idiosyncratic neutropenia and agranulocytosis in England and Wales and to evaluate their risk factors and outcomes. The study was conducted using data from the General Practice Research Database. All cases of idiosyncratic neutropenia or agranulocytosis were identified and the incidence was estimated. This was followed by a nested case\u2010control study, estimating odds ratios with drug exposure from conditional logistic regression. From 1987 to 1999, 3,224 patients with idiosyncratic neutropenia (50 with agranulocytosis) were identified. The incidences of neutropenia and agranulocytosis were estimated to be 120 and 7 cases per million people per year, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios for neutropenia were 34.7 (95% confidence interval 12.0\u201399.7) for current users of thyroid inhibitors, 9.5 (4.4\u201320.8) for users of disease\u2010modifying antirheumatic drugs, and 7.6 (4.9\u201311.9) for users of aminosalicylates. Other drugs with statistically significantly increased risks of neutropenia included antibacterial drugs, non\u2010opioid analgesics, NSAIDs, antidepressants, ulcer\u2010healing drugs, and anti\u2010epileptics. The increase in risk of neutropenia predominantly occurred during the first months of treatment. For most drugs investigated in this study, there was no relationship to daily dose. The excess 1\u2010year mortality was low among neutropenia and agranulocytosis cases and mostly explained by the underlying disease state. In conclusion, the highest risks of neutropenia were generally found in patients starting treatment. The excess 1\u2010year mortality was low among neutropenia and agranulocytosis cases and can be mostly explained by the underlying disease state. Am. J. Hematol. 72:248\u2013254, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.10295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,25]],"date-time":"2003-03-25T11:59:13Z","timestamp":1048593553000},"page":"248-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Neutropenia and agranulocytosis in England and Wales: Incidence and risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"T.P.","family":"van Staa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Boulton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hagenbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Inskip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.G.M.","family":"Leufkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1981.tb09853.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3257","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03350230017024","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced blood disorders","volume":"252","author":"Danielson DA","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","volume-title":"The drug etiology of agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia","author":"Kaufman DW","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00072-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1992.00400190095018","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of agranulocytosis","volume":"152","author":"Strom BL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1993.00410180065007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.4.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1970.tb02916.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)04248-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.302.6779.766"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2630030106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"815","volume-title":"Williams hematology","author":"Dale DC","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307153290303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1978.tb08439.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03216.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.19.4.299.30941"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"666","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced agranulocytosis","volume":"72","author":"Chaimongkol B","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01707278"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1991.tb08042.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"121","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced agranulocytosis: experience in two university hospitals","volume":"74","author":"Lekhakula A","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"205","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced agranulocytosis. 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