{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T17:43:34Z","timestamp":1780595014276,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,28]],"date-time":"2005-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1111968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disease which involves opsonization of platelets by autoantibodies directed against different surface glycoproteins, leading to their premature destruction by the reticuloendothelial system. Management of patients with refractory ITP is difficult. Recent studies have shown that rituximab, a chimeric anti\u2010CD20 monoclonal antibody, is useful in the treatment of these patients, with overall response rates of about 50%. Most published reports have included a small number patients including case reports. The present study reports the results of a retrospective Danish multicenter study of rituximab in the treatment of adult patients with refractory ITP. Thirty\u2010five patients (median age 52 years, range 17\u201382 years, 17 males) were included. One patient had immune thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. All patients had received prednisolone (Pred). Next to Pred, 25 patients had been treated with high\u2010dose IgG, and in 16 patients a splenectomy had been performed. Sixteen patients had been treated with azathioprine. Other treatments included, e.g., cyclosporine, danazol, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, interferon, and dexamethasone. The patients were treated with a dose regimen of 375 mg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> i.v. approximately once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. Six patients received a fixed dose of 500 mg disregarding their weight supplemented by 100 mg of methylprednisone i.v. or 50\u2013100 mg of Pred given as premedication together with an antihistamine just before infusion of rituximab. The large majority of patients also received Pred and, in some cases, other concomitant immunosuppressive treatment during part of their rituximab treatment. A complete response (CR) was defined as a rise in the platelet count &gt; 100 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L, a partial response (PR) as a rise in the platelet count &gt; 50 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L, and a minor response (MR) as a rise in the platelet count &lt; 50 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L. No response (NR) was defined as no increase in the platelet count. Because 4 patients were treated twice, a total of 39 outcomes of rituximab treatment were evaluated. Rituximab proved to be effective in 17 of 39 treatments [overall response 44% with 7 CR (18%) (1 patient showed a CR twice), 6 PR (15%), and 4 MR (10%)]. In 9\/13 cases of CR or PR, the response (platelet level &gt; 50 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L) was prompt, 1\u20132 weeks after the first infusion. The remaining patients responded 3\u20138 weeks later. Patients with CR and PR have been in remission for a median of 47 weeks. In general the side effects were few. In 2 cases, the treatment was stopped because of side effects either during or after the first infusion. Two fatal outcomes were recorded. A 71\u2010year\u2010old female with severe lung disease died 6 days after the first infusion of respiratory failure. The other patient, a 73\u2010year\u2010old man also with severe chronic obstructive lung disease, died of pneumonia approximately 13 weeks following the last rituximab treatment. It is concluded that rituximab may be a useful alternative therapy in patients with severe and symptomatic ITP refractory to conventional treatment. Am. J. Hematol. 78:275\u2013280, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,28]],"date-time":"2005-03-28T19:47:21Z","timestamp":1112039241000},"page":"275-280","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Rituximab chimeric anti\u2010CD20 monoclonal antibody treatment for adult refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Br\u00e6ndstrup","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole W.","family":"Bjerrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ove J.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjarne 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