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Histological examination of the spleen following splenectomy showed multifocal vascular proliferation and angiovascular lesions consistent with multicentric Castleman disease. He was treated with steroids and rituximab, but without improvement. The patient was found to have portal venous thrombosis and lower extremity arterial thrombosis. He then received combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone but developed a severe inflammatory polyneuropathy that left him disabled and wheelchair\u2010bound. A diagnosis of multicentric Castleman disease with POEMS syndrome was made, and he then received high\u2010dose chemotherapy with melphalan followed by autologous peripheral blood stem\u2010cell transplantation. Following transplantation, his nerve conduction studies improved and his serum protein electrophoresis normalized. He is currently ambulatory and does not need wheelchair assistance. Hematopoietic stem\u2010cell transplantation may be a treatment option for patients with multicentric Castleman disease and POEMS syndrome. Am. J. Hematol. 79:206\u2013210, 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,24]],"date-time":"2005-06-24T19:50:11Z","timestamp":1119642611000},"page":"206-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Successful hematopoietic stem\u2010cell transplantation in multicentric Castleman disease complicated by POEMS syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Apar Kishor","family":"Ganti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iraklis","family":"Pipinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliad","family":"Culcea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James 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