{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:21:42Z","timestamp":1761708102711},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with sickle cell anemia exhibit mild to moderate renal and liver damage. Glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 is produced during kidney and liver damage. We hypothesized that cellular damage in sickle transgenic mice would lead to increased serum and urine murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 levels. Levels of murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 in the serum and urine of S+S\u2010Antilles, NY1DD, and control mice were measured by ELISA, which revealed that the serum of S+S\u2010Antilles mice, relative to controls, had elevated levels of murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005) as did NY1DD mice (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02, baseline vs. 2\u2010day hypoxia). Serum liver enzymes, such as aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase, as well as lactate dehydrogenase were increased in S+S\u2010Antilles mice relative to controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000006, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0003, and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.029, respectively). Urine murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 of S+S\u2010Antilles mice, as well as NY1DD mice under hypoxic stress, was not significantly different from controls. Murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase class\u2010mu was measured by ELISA in the urine of sickle transgenic mice and control mice to define the location of tubular damage at the proximal convoluted tubule; murine Glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase class\u2010mu was below the limit of detection. These findings suggest that elevated levels of murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 in the serum reflect release during liver damage and that proximal tubular damage does not lead to appreciable urinary murine glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase A1\u20101. Am. J. Hematol. 82:911\u2013915, 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T14:51:32Z","timestamp":1183733492000},"page":"911-915","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Murine glutathione <i>S<\/i>\u2010transferase A1\u20101 in sickle transgenic mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Yelena Z.","family":"Ginzburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Andorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne C.","family":"Rybicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary E.","family":"Fabry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald 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