{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:26:37Z","timestamp":1782843997672,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,2]],"date-time":"2011-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients receiving lenalidomide are at an increased risk for deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Here, we prospectively investigated the DVT risk in patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treated with lenalidomide (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 32). Five patients developed six incidents of DVT over 1 year for an annual incidence of 16%. Three of these were considered drug\u2010related. Median time to DVT was 105 days (range 56\u2013259 days). No pulmonary embolism was detected. Hypercoagulability screen before study entry was negative in all patients who subsequently developed DVTs. Compared to normal volunteers CLL patients had increased baseline levels of D\u2010dimer, thrombin\u2010antithrombin, soluble vascular endothelial adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM\u20101), and thrombomodulin (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). After 1 week on lenalidomide D\u2010dimer, thrombomodulin, sVCAM\u20101, factor VIII, TNF\u03b1, and C\u2010reactive protein were significantly increased while protein C was decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). In patients with lenalidomide\u2010related DVTs, TNF\u03b1, and sVCAM\u20101 were more strongly upregulated than in all other patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and TNF\u03b1 and sVCAM\u20101 levels were significantly correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.65, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). These data link lenalidomide associated DVTs with TNF\u03b1 upregulation and endothelial cell dysfunction and suggest that aspirin may have a role for DVT prophylaxis in these patients. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.22114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,30]],"date-time":"2011-06-30T11:48:05Z","timestamp":1309434485000},"page":"835-840","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Inflammation, TNF\u03b1 and endothelial dysfunction link lenalidomide to venous thrombosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Georg","family":"Aue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Nelson Lozier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann 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