{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:52:13Z","timestamp":1790657533436,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Predolin Foundation","award":["P50 CA97274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA97274"]}]},{"name":"Predolin Foundation","award":["R01 CA129539"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA129539"]}]},{"name":"Predolin Foundation","award":["R01 CA127433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA127433"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The serum immunoglobulin free light chain (FLC) assay quantitates free kappa (\u03ba) and lambda (\u03bb) light chains. FLC elevations in patients with diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are associated with an inferior survival. These increases in FLC can be monoclonal (as in myeloma) or polyclonal. The goal was to estimate the frequency of these elevations within distinct types of B\u2010cell and T\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and whether the FLC measurements are associated with event\u2010free survival (EFS). We studied serum for FLC abnormalities using normal laboratory reference ranges to define an elevated \u03ba or \u03bb FLC. Elevations were further classified as polyclonal or monoclonal. Four hundred ninety\u2010two patients were studied: 453 B\u2010cell and 34 T\u2010cell NHL patients. Twenty\u2010nine % (142\/453) of patients had an elevated FLC of which 10% were monoclonal elevations. Within B\u2010cell NHL, FLC abnormalities were most common in lymphoplasmacytic (79%), mantle cell (68%), and lymphomas of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (31%); they were least common in follicular (15%). The hazard ratio (HR) for EFS in all patients was 1.41 (95% CI; 1.11\u20131.81); in all B\u2010cell NHL the HR was 1.44 (95% CI 1.11\u20131.96); in all T\u2010cell NHL the HR was 1.17 (95% CI 0.55\u20132.49). FLC abnormalities predicted an inferior OS (HR\u2009=\u20092.75, 95% CI: 1.93\u20133.90, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The serum FLC assay is useful for prognosis in both B\u2010cell and T\u2010cell types of NHL. In B\u2010cell NHL further discrimination between a monoclonal and polyclonal elevation may be helpful and should be analyzed in prospective clinical trials. Am. J. Hematol. 89:1116\u20131120, 2014. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T16:32:41Z","timestamp":1410885161000},"page":"1116-1120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Elevated monoclonal and polyclonal serum immunoglobulin free light chain as prognostic factors in B\u2010 and T\u2010cell non\u2010<scp>H<\/scp>odgkin lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Witzig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas 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