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The frequency of these lymphomas varies geographically, with the highest incidence in parts of Asia.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:italic>Diagnosis:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> The diagnosis of aggressive peripheral T\u2010cell lymphoma (PTCL) is usually made using the World Health Organization classification. The ability of hematopathologists to reproducibly diagnosis aggressive PTCL is lower than that for aggressive B\u2010cell lymphomas, with a range of 72%\u201397% for the aggressive PTCLs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Risk Stratification:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:italic> Patients with aggressive PTCL are staged using the Ann Arbor Classification. Although somewhat controversial, positron emission tomography scans seem to be useful as they are in aggressive B\u2010cell lymphomas. The most commonly used prognostic index is the International Prognostic Index. The specific subtype of aggressive PTCL is an important risk factor, with the best survival seen in anaplastic large\u2010cell lymphoma\u2014particularly young patients with the anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive subtype.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:italic>Risk\u2010Adapted Therapy:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> Anaplastic large\u2010cell lymphoma is the only subgroup to have a good response to a CHOP\u2010like regimen. Angioimmunoblastic T\u2010cell lymphoma has a prolonged disease\u2010free survival in only \u223c20% of patients, but younger patients who have an autotransplant in remission seem to do better. PTCL\u2010not otherwise specified is not one disease. Anthracycline\u2010containing regimens have disappointing results, and a new approach is needed. Natural killer\/T\u2010cell lymphoma localized to the nose and nasal sinuses seems to be best treated with radiotherapy\u2010containing regimens. Enteropathy\u2010associated PTCL and hepatosplenic PTCL are rare disorders with a generally poor response to therapy, although selected patients with enteropathy\u2010associated PTCL seem to benefit from intensive therapy. Am. J. 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