{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:50:44Z","timestamp":1790419844195,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recent association of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) with COVID\u201019 vaccinations prompted the current retrospective review of 74 cases of CVT (median age\u00a0=\u00a044\u2009years, range 15\u201385; 61% females) associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), seen at the Mayo Clinic, Catholic University of Rome, and University of Florence, between 1991 and 2021. Disease\u2010specific frequencies were 1.3% (39\/2893), 1.2% (21\/1811) and 0.2% (3\/1888) for essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera and primary myelofibrosis, respectively. Cerebral venous thrombosis occurred either prior to (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a020, 27%), at (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a032, 44%) or after (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a022) MPN diagnosis. A total of 72% of patients presented with headaches. Transverse (51%), sagittal (43%) and sigmoid sinuses (35%) were involved with central nervous system hemorrhage noted in 10 (14%) patients. In all, 91% of tested patients harbored <jats:italic>JAK2V617F<\/jats:italic>. An underlying thrombophilic condition was identified in 19 (31%) cases and history of thrombosis in 10 (14%). Treatment for CVT included systemic anticoagulation alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a027) or in conjunction with aspirin (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a024), cytoreductive therapy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014), or both (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<jats:italic>9<\/jats:italic>). At a median follow\u2010up of 5.1\u2009years (range 0.1\u201328.6), recurrent CVT was documented in three (4%) patients while recurrent arterial and venous thromboses and major hemorrhage were recorded in 11%, 9% and 14%, respectively. Follow\u2010up neurological assessment revealed headaches (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09), vision loss (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01) and cognitive impairment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01). The current study lends clarity to MPN\u2010associated CVT and highlights its close association with <jats:italic>JAK2<\/jats:italic>V617F, younger age and female gender. Clinical features that distinguish COVID vaccine\u2010related CVT from MPN\u2010associated CVT include, in the latter, lower likelihood of concurrent venous thromboses and intracerebral hemorrhage; as a result, MPN\u2010associated CVT was not fatal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T12:54:02Z","timestamp":1630155242000},"page":"1580-1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Cerebral venous thrombosis and myeloproliferative neoplasms: A three\u2010center study of 74 consecutive cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9104-6172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naseema","family":"Gangat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Guglielmelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, CRIMM, Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Betti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Hematology, Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faiqa","family":"Farrukh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Carobbio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Clinical Research\u2010FROM Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII  Bergamo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2747-6327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziano","family":"Barbui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation of Clinical Research\u2010FROM Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII  Bergamo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro M.","family":"Vannucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, CRIMM, Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5178-5827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"De Stefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Hematology, Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico A. 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