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The study included 485\u2009936 UK Biobank participants free of baseline VTE. The gastrointestinal diseases were defined by the International Classification of Disease (ICD)\u20109 and 10 codes with data from the nationwide inpatient data set, the primary care data set, and the cancer registries. Incident VTE cases were defined by ICD\u20109 and 10 codes with data from the nationwide inpatient data set. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the associations of baseline gastrointestinal diseases with incident VTE risk. During a median follow\u2010up of 12.0\u2009years, 13\u2009646 incident VTE cases were diagnosed. Eleven gastrointestinal diseases (nine non\u2010neoplastic and two neoplastic) were associated with an increased risk of incident VTE after Bonferroni corrections. The risk of VTE was &gt;50% higher among patients with gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 95% CI 1.74\u20135.70), pancreatic cancer (HR 2.84, 95% CI 1.65\u20134.91), cirrhosis (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.96\u20132.79), Crohn's disease (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.33\u20131.95), or pancreatitis (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.31\u20131.88) compared with individuals without each of these diseases. We observed multiplicative interactions of age, sex, and body mass index with some gastrointestinal diseases (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). A more pronounced, increased risk of VTE was found among younger, female, or obese patients. The study suggests a 50% higher risk of developing VTE among patients with gallbladder and biliary tract cancer, pancreatic cancer, cirrhosis, Crohn's disease, or pancreatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T08:51:30Z","timestamp":1695804690000},"page":"172-181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Long\u2010term risk of venous thromboembolism among patients with gastrointestinal non\u2010neoplastic and neoplastic diseases: A prospective cohort study of 484\u2009211 individuals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5055-5627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuai","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated 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