{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T23:34:26Z","timestamp":1789256066321,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and non\u2010anemic iron deficiency (NAID) are highly prevalent among non\u2010pregnant females of reproductive age. Canada has no national screening guidelines for this population. Screening, when performed, is often with a complete blood count alone without ferritin or iron indices. The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of screening for NAID and IDA over a 3\u2010year period in non\u2010pregnant females of reproductive age who had tests performed at outpatient laboratories in Ontario, Canada. Retrospective cohort study of non\u2010pregnant females ages 15\u201354 in Ontario, from 2017 to 2019. NAID was defined as ferritin &lt;30\u2009\u03bcg\/L, anemia as hemoglobin &lt;120\u2009g\/L, and IDA as ferritin &lt;30\u2009\u03bcg\/L and hemoglobin &lt;120\u2009g\/L. Annual household income was estimated using patient postal codes. A total of 784\u2009132 non\u2010pregnant females were included. The 82.1% were screened for iron deficiency, 38.3% had NAID and 13.1% had IDA; 55.6% with IDA had normal mean corpuscular volumes. The median household income was $89454.80 compared with a provincial median of $65285.00. Patients in the lowest income quintile had the highest odds of being anemic, and the lowest odds of having a ferritin checked. A large proportion of non\u2010pregnant females of reproductive age in this cohort were screened for iron deficiency. In this relatively privileged cohort, NAID affected nearly 40%, and IDA 13%. Most patients with IDA did not have microcytosis. Low household income was associated with the greatest odds of anemia and the lowest odds of being screened, highlighting inequitable access to screening for IDA in Ontario, Canada.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T10:24:16Z","timestamp":1714645456000},"page":"1492-1499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["High prevalence of iron deficiency and socioeconomic disparities in laboratory screening of <scp>non\u2010pregnant<\/scp> females of reproductive age: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6964-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario 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