{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:20:54Z","timestamp":1760188854336},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,11]],"date-time":"2006-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7345,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peripheral blood samples collected from normal individuals and patients with benign monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma were separated and assayed for their T\u2010 and B\u2010cell subpopulations as well as immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM) synthesis in vitro. To rule out any functional or quantitative alterations related to therapy, only newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and subjects with benign monoclonal gammopathy were included in our study. Multiple myeloma patients were further subdivided into two groups. Group A consisted of patients with low and intermediate tumor burdens, while group B included patients with high tumor mass. B\u2010 and T\u2010cell subset analysis revealed an abnormal ratio between B\/T and OKT4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/OKT8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> lymphocytes compared to healthy controls. These alterations were especially prominent in group B multiple myeloma. Immunoglobulin synthesis was studied in pokeweed\u2010mitogen\u2010stimulated lymphocyte cultures. The results indicate that the failure to synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin resides within the B\u2010cell lineage and is probably due to a functional B\u2010cell defect. T\u2010cell immunoregulatory functions seem to be unaffected in both multiple myleoma and benign monoclonal gammopathy patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830220205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T10:49:23Z","timestamp":1172054963000},"page":"143-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Impaired immunoglobulin synthesis in multiple myeloma: A B\u2010cell dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Carter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Silvian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Tatarsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Spira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-41-6-1152"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(63)90140-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105098"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"389","article-title":"Immune function in multiple myeloma: Impaired responsiveness to keyhole limpet hemocyanin","volume":"104","author":"Harris J","year":"1971","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90014-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V63.4.949.949","article-title":"Defective binding of the third component of complement (C3) to streptococcus pneumonia in multiple myeloma","volume":"63","author":"Cheson BD","year":"1984","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(80)90097-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1966.tb05626.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"135","article-title":"Immunoglobulin synthesis and tumor kinetics of multiple myeloma","volume":"10","author":"Salmon SE","year":"1973","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-5-625"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197510302931801"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108736"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.124.6.2563","article-title":"Multiple myeloma: An immunologic profile","volume":"124","author":"Paglieroni T","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"331","article-title":"Subpopulations of T\u2010lymphocytes in multiple myeloma","volume":"26","author":"Pezzuto A","year":"1981","journal-title":"Scand J Haematol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1981.tb07273.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1982.tb00563.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1983.tb02021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Proposed guidelines for protocol studies. 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