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Controls were matched to cases on age, sex, race, and hospital. \u201cImmune\u2010stimulating conditions\u201d included chronic infections such as pyelonephritis, urinary tract infections (UTIs), prostatitis, rheumatoid arthritis and other collagen vascular diseases, allergies, bronchitis, tuberculosis, cholecystitis, diverticulitis, and osteomyelitis. The overall odds ratio (OR) (odds of history of immune\u2010stimulating conditions in cases versus controls) was 0.4 (95% confidence interval = 0.3 \u2212 0.7) which suggested that cases had significantly less immune\u2010stimulating conditions than did controls. The exposure rate for these conditions was high for cases (0.7) as well as for all control groups (0.8). These findings suggest that immune\u2010stimulating conditions alone are not the causative factor in the etiology of MM, though they may play a role in the predisposed individual.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830240202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T10:38:25Z","timestamp":1172054305000},"page":"119-126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Role of immune stimulation in the etiology of multiple myeloma: A case control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Harvey Jay","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosyln 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