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All patients were treated with plasma exchange and for infusion, but only two of the HIV\u2010infected patlents obtained a complete response (CR) and one of them died after a few months. Combined results from the ilterature indicate that most patients with HIV infection survive less than one year from the initial diagnosis of TMA. In the setting of HIV infection, TMA Is a treatable condition, but survivai for most patients is less than 12 months. Three of the four HTLV\u2010I infected patients with TMA had a CR. These observations strongly suggest that both HIV and HTLV\u2010I infections are associated with TMA, but rigorous epidemiologic studies will be needed to determine the relative risk for each. Retrovirai Infections should be considered In patients with TMA, especially If the patient has associated risk factors and demographic characteristics. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830450407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T13:47:32Z","timestamp":1172065652000},"page":"304-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Thrombotic microangiopathy and retroviral infections: A 13\u2010year experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ucar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo F.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Byrnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric 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