{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T13:25:13Z","timestamp":1791033913261,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]],"date-time":"2008-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1202256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hum Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we have determined the frequency of \u03b2<jats:sup>S<\/jats:sup> haplotypes in 163 sickle cell disease patients from Trinidad. The \u03b1<jats:sup>3.7<\/jats:sup> globin gene deletion status was also studied with an observed gene frequency of 0.17. Among the 283 \u03b2<jats:sup>S<\/jats:sup> chromosomes analyzed, the Benin haplotype was the most prevalent (61.8%) followed by Bantu (17.3%), Senegal (8.5%), Cameroon (3.5%), and Arab\u2010Indian (3.2%), while 5.7% of them were atypical. This \u03b2<jats:sup>S<\/jats:sup> haplotypes distribution differed from those previously described in other Caribbean islands (Jamaica, Guadeloupe, and Cuba), in agreement with the known involvement of the major colonial powers (Spain, France, and Great Britain) in the slave trade in Trinidad and documented an Indian origin of the \u03b2<jats:sup>S<\/jats:sup> gene. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]],"date-time":"2008-02-06T21:19:28Z","timestamp":1202332768000},"page":"342-344","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["\u03b2\u2010Globin gene cluster haplotypes and \u03b1\u2010thalassemia in sickle cell disease patients from Trinidad"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Altheia","family":"Jones\u2010Lecointe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erskine","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Romana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Georges","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waveney P.","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Saint\u2010Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisiane","family":"K\u00e9clard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"The Atlantic slave trade: a census","author":"Curtin PD","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1993.tb04639.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"287","article-title":"Sickle cell disorder in aboriginal tribes of Chotanagpur","volume":"15","author":"Karan VK","year":"1978","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8652(199705)55:1<24::AID-AJH4>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V69.6.1742.1742","article-title":"Fetal hemoglobin levels and beta (s) globin haplotypes in an Indian population with sickle cell disease","volume":"69","author":"Kulozik AE","year":"1987","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Geographical survey of beta S\u2010globin gene haplotypes: Evidence for an independent Asian origin of the sickle\u2010cell mutation","volume":"39","author":"Kulozik AE","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"333","article-title":"A novel sickle cell mutation of yet another origin in Africa: the Cameroon type","volume":"89","author":"Lapoumeroulie C","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830490212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Severity, pathobiology, epistatic effects, and genetic markers in sickle cell anemia","volume":"28","author":"Nagel RL","year":"1991","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.6.1771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03630260009003426"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8652(199612)53:4<228::AID-AJH3>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830320113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"191","article-title":"Multiple origins of the sickle mutation: evidence from beta S globin gene cluster polymorphisms","volume":"1","author":"Wainscoat JS","year":"1983","journal-title":"Mol Biol Med"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Human Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajhb.20732","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.20732","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T22:13:32Z","timestamp":1700000012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajhb.20732"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajhb.20732"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajhb.20732","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-0533","1520-6300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]]}}}