{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:57:54Z","timestamp":1789739874534,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,22]],"date-time":"2010-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Hum Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study sought to examine the effects of inbreeding on physical development and fluctuating asymmetry (FA). A total 144 male high\u2010school students (mean age = 18.11 \u00b1 0.52) whose parents are first cousins (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 0.125) of low\u2010socioeconomic status and 146 male students (mean age = 18.08 \u00b1 0.54) from the same school who do not have any consanguineous parents (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 0) were observed in Ankara. In addition to the weight and height measurements of the individuals, eight bilateral traits (hand width, elbow width, wrist width, knee width, ankle width, foot width, ear length, and ear width) were measured. Whereas the inbred group has lower values in terms of weight and height, the difference in body mass index between the groups is not significant. Although the inbred group is more asymmetric in terms of the observed bilateral traits, the differences are below the significance level. However, the composite FA index shows that the inbred group is more asymmetric and the difference is significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Inbreeding depression has a negative effect on weight and height development, and a negative effect on developmental stability.Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.21046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,22]],"date-time":"2010-03-22T18:33:39Z","timestamp":1269282819000},"page":"557-562","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effect of inbreeding depression on growth and fluctuating asymmetry in Turkish young males"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Bari\u015f","family":"\u00d6zener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20444"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932097004914"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anngen.2003.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1080\/09709274.2001.11907653","article-title":"Inbreeding effects on mean of metrical traits among the children of Aligarh in North India","volume":"12","author":"Badaruddoza","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hum Ecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"Inbreeding effect on metrical phenotypes among North Indian children","volume":"28","author":"Badaruddoza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"The effect of consanguinity on the gestation period and anthropometric traits of the newborn in southern India","volume":"34","author":"Bai PVA","year":"1982","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1964.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"361","volume-title":"Structure, function and evolution of teeth","author":"Ben\u2010David Y","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932004007060"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000102147"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2006.00750.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"The impact of consanguinity on the Indian population","volume":"8","author":"Bittles AH","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"324","article-title":"A community genetics perspective on consanguineous marriage","volume":"11","author":"Bittles AH","year":"2008","journal-title":"Commun Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Patterns of human growth","author":"Bogin B","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Practical human biology","author":"Cameron N","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2009.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"459","article-title":"Inbreeding depression in anthropometric traits among Telaga boys of Kharagpur, West Bengal, India","volume":"2","author":"Das BK","year":"2005","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"1991","article-title":"Consanguinity in Kahramanmara\u015f city, Turkey, and its medical impact","volume":"25","author":"Donbak L","year":"2004","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330460116"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1996.0115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.32.8.623"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480701092021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1994.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.1999.00039.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Akraba evlilikleri, sosyodemografik \u00f6zellikleri ve \u00e7ocuk \u00f6l\u00fcmleri \u00fczerindeki etkileri","volume":"41","author":"Hanc\u0131o\u011flu A","year":"1998","journal-title":"\u00c7ocuk Sa\u011f Hast Derg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330910308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1124"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19970627)70:4<346::AID-AJMG2>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330800407"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"611","article-title":"An odontometric analysis of the Lengua Indian dentition","volume":"57","author":"Kieser JA","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S002193200700226X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Effect of parental consanguinity on anthropometric measurements among the Sunni Muslims of Delhi","volume":"3","author":"Krishnan G","year":"1975","journal-title":"Res Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2003.00503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.27.6.348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2000.00232.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3546309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/303298"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"441","article-title":"Fluctuating asymmetry as a possible measure of developmental homeostasis in humans: a review","volume":"63","author":"Livshits G","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2009.0133"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014469300002792"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","first-page":"581","article-title":"Familial studies of medical and anthropometric variables in a human Isolate","volume":"25","author":"Martin AO","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014567800950"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.26719\/2001.7.3.441","article-title":"Major birth defects among infants with Down syndrome in Alexandria, Egypt (1995\u20132000): trends and risk factors","volume":"7","author":"Mokhtar MM","year":"2001","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","first-page":"344","article-title":"Empirical risks in consanguineous marriages: birth weight, gestation time and measurements of infants","volume":"10","author":"Morton NE","year":"1958","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","first-page":"366","volume-title":"Inbreeding depression in stature. Human variation in India","author":"Mukherjee DP","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"MukherjeeDP.1982. Inbreeding and genetics of quantitative traits in man. In: Malhotra KC Basu A editors.Human genetics and adaptation Vol. 1. Proceedings of the Indian Statistical Institute Golden Jubilee International Conference Calcutta. p533\u2013561."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330810109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195143454.003.0001","volume-title":"Developmental stability: causes and consequences","author":"Nijhout HF","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932009003411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/09723757.2001.11885757","article-title":"The effect of prenatal consanguinity and inbreeding on the antrhropometric measurements of the newborn babies revisited","volume":"1","author":"Paddaiah G","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02822878"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.17.110186.002135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of developmental stability: implications of non\u2010normal distributions and power of statistical tests","volume":"191","author":"Palmer AR","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Zool Fenn"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195143454.003.0017","volume-title":"Developmental instability: causes and consequences","author":"Palmer AR","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-0830-0_26"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1312930"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2772650"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.17.1.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6300(1999)11:3<367::AID-AJHB8>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20224"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014469100001832"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.1998.00299.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"The effect of consanguinity on the distribution of continuously variable characteristics","volume":"13","author":"Slatis HM","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.2.549"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1979.tb04693.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009670"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330410307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932003005911"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","first-page":"315","volume-title":"Human biology: a guide to field methods, IBP Handbook No. 9","author":"Tanner JM","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1994.tb00729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of consanguineous marriages in Turkey","volume":"43","author":"Tun\u00e7bilek E","year":"2001","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.1999.00555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/150563a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jhev.1996.0041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Population phenogenetics: analysis of developmental stability in natural populations","volume":"191","author":"Zakharov VM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Zool Fenn"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Human Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajhb.21046","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.21046","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T13:26:17Z","timestamp":1700573177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajhb.21046"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,22]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajhb.21046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajhb.21046","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-0533","1520-6300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,22]]}}}