{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T13:16:07Z","timestamp":1790428567584,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Hum Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over half of the world's population (4 billion people) experience severe water scarcity at least one month per year, while half a billion people experience severe water scarcity throughout the year. Despite progress from national and global interventions, a staggering proportion of the Global South remains water insecure. Rapid urban growth and associated demographic changes, climate change, and governance failure have also fostered the growth and expansion of urban informal settlements and slums where widespread poverty and environmental hazards exacerbate the impact of water insecurity on health. This article reflects on the interactions between water insecurity and urban poverty in the Global South across four categories of health outcomes: gastrointestinal diseases, mosquito\u2010borne diseases, injuries, and mental illness. These examples highlight the mechanisms through which urban poverty exacerbates the adverse health effects of water insecurity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The four selected health outcomes were chosen a priori to represent two communicable conditions with well\u2010developed literatures, and two noncommunicable conditions with newer literatures that have emerged over the last decade. We conducted a narrative literature review of scholarly and gray literature appearing between January 2000 and April 2019 using several online scholarly databases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastrointestinal diseases, mosquito\u2010borne diseases, injuries, and mental illness all exemplified the relationship between water insecurity and urban poverty through human biological pathways. For each of the four health categories, we identified frontiers for human biology research contributions to the water\u2010poverty\u2010health nexus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We discuss our findings in the context of three crosscutting themes that merit innovative research approaches: stressor interactions and trade\u2010offs, exposure thresholds, and intervention efficacy. We reiterate that the global burden of disease associated with water insecurity cannot be addressed in isolation from efforts to alleviate extreme poverty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T09:24:46Z","timestamp":1574760286000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Water insecurity and urban poverty in the Global South: Implications for health and human biology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3783-9005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellis A.","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Studies Institute and Department of Geosciences Georgia State University  Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8435-7012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin","family":"Stoler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of Miami  Coral Gables Florida"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami  Coral Gables Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yenupini","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WellStar School of Nursing Kennesaw State University  Kennesaw Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315465456-34"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envdev.2018.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07900627.2017.1322941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07900627.2017.1423282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wp.2015.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Concepts or human development and poverty! A multidimensional perspective","author":"Anand S.","year":"1997","journal-title":"United Nations Development Programme, Poverty and Human Development: Human Development Papers"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Beyond distance and time: Gender and the burden of water collection in rural Uganda","volume":"2","author":"Asaba R. B.","year":"2013","journal-title":"wH2O: Journal of Gender and Water"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2007.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17269\/CJPH.108.5546"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2016.158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2016.258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Determinants of household water quality in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana","volume":"3","author":"Boateng D.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Environment and Earth Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.112520"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23234"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"American Journal of Human Biology","author":"Brewis A.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuy068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13552074.2017.1339949"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","volume-title":"The poor die young: Housing and health in third world cities","author":"Cairncross S.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3362\/1756-3488.2013.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61497-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"The persistence of informality: Small\u2010scale water providers in Manila's post\u2010privatisation era","volume":"7","author":"Cheng D.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Alternatives"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-004-0117-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmh058"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u2018I know how stressful it is to lack water!\u2019 Exploring the lived experiences of household water insecurity among pregnant and postpartum women in western Kenya","volume":"14","author":"Collins S. M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Global Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2018.1521861"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6043-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2009.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7679.2011.00543.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3515"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-4-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.06.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2014.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309132516659706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047480615Z.000000000329"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.08.010406"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-000764"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2015.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17730\/humo.68.4.932w421317680w5x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","first-page":"385","volume-title":"Urban water governance: Pricing of water for the slum dwellers of Dhaka metropolis urban drought","author":"Haque M.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2014-0035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141883"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v8.26492"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasec.2017.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22502\/jlmc.v4i2.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1410.070569"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/foge.12041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","first-page":"978","volume-title":"Informal water vendors and the urban poor","author":"Kjell\u00e9n M.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vector\u2010borne disease problems in rapid urbanization: New approaches to vector control","volume":"70","author":"Knudsen A. B.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Developing informality: The production of Jakarta's urban waterscape","volume":"7","author":"Kooy M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Alternatives"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-6-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2017.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13121222"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1500323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702008000100019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00220388.2010.487095"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","article-title":"Tankers, wells, pipes and pumps: Agents and mediators of water geographies in Amman, Jordan","volume":"11","author":"Mustafa D.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Alternatives"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph9030880"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09663690903003868"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.699"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3126\/kumj.v10i3.8012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.03.355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12329"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wp.2019.181"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","article-title":"'Mafias\u2019 in the waterscape: Urban informality and everyday public authority in Bangalore","volume":"7","author":"Ranganathan M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water Alternatives"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-54249-0_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","first-page":"1207","article-title":"Malnutrition as an underlying cause of childhood deaths associated with infectious diseases in developing countries","volume":"78","author":"Rice A. L.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315716435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956247817700291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","volume-title":"Urban poverty in the global south: Scale and nature","author":"Satterthwaite D.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","volume-title":"Commodities and capabilities","author":"Sen A.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1409002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed2020008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19376812.2016.1171154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Urban agriculture: Food, jobs and sustainable cities","author":"Smit J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wat2.1206"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2025-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.80.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09663690903003942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoforum.2010.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sea2.12144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/iht023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24694452.2019.1581598"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19376812.2016.1168309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","volume-title":"The global urban indicators database 2014","author":"UN\u2010Habitat (UN Human Settlements Programme)","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","volume-title":"Global health risks: Mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks","author":"WHO","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12331"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2003.01160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2015.10.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasec.2017.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.09.042"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Human Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajhb.23368","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.23368","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ajhb.23368","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.23368","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T19:29:55Z","timestamp":1694114995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajhb.23368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajhb.23368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajhb.23368","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-0533","1520-6300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e23368"}}