{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T19:41:19Z","timestamp":1776800479265,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Hum Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of combined presence of vitamin D deficiency and other risk factors of stroke in ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) development in Iranian adults has been unclear, so far. The association of vitamin D status at admission with ischemic CVA severity and outcome in this community is not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to clarify these ambiguities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a cross\u2010sectional study 104 hospitalized ischemic CVA patients and 104 healthy controls participated. The serum level of 25 (OH) D3 and baseline biochemical parameters were measured in ischemic patients within the first 24\u2009h of admission, as well as healthy controls. The severity of CVA and clinical outcome were assessed using National Institutes Health Stroke Scale and Modified Rankin Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Chi\u2010square test, independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test, and multiple logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant difference between patients and controls regarding the presence of vitamin D3 deficiency, hypertension, smoking, and baseline level of LDL and FBS. Vitamin D3 deficiency boosted the risk of ischemic in males and those having family history of CVA. A low serum level of 25 (OH) D3 was associated with more severity and poor outcome of CVA. The CVA severity, vitamin D3 deficiency, and hypertension were predictors of poor outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study highlights the increased risk of ischemia in Iranians by cooccurrence of vitamin D3 deficiency and other risk factors of CVA. Clinical significance of vitamin D3 deficiency control may be suggested in those at risk of CVA and functional poor outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]],"date-time":"2022-10-06T16:48:13Z","timestamp":1665074893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The association of 25 (<scp>OH<\/scp>) <scp>D3<\/scp> serum level with ischemic cerebrovascular accident risk, severity and outcome in Iranian population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Babak Bakhshayesh","family":"Eghbali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6096-7975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cyrus Emir","family":"Alavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir Reza","family":"Ghayeghran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sina Sedaghat","family":"Herfeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amirhomayoun","family":"Atefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sepideh Rahimi","family":"Limouei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malek Moein","family":"Ansar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.97180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Clinical neurology","author":"Aminoff M.","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients of cerebrovascular accidents","volume":"18","author":"Bhougal B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"JK Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.571562"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.78319"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2014.16.1.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd11.130415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"NIH stroke scale training, part 2: Basic instruction","author":"Directorate General of Health Services","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.139241"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"444","article-title":"Epidemiology and heterogeneity of hypertension in Iran: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Haghdoost A. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Iranian Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in Iran: A multi\u2010center study among different urban areas","volume":"1","author":"Heshmat R.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.3862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Stroke\u2010incidence, mortality, morbidity and risk","volume":"36","author":"Ingall T.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Insurance Medicine (New York, N. Y.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701401418"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-012-0354-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1109766"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","volume-title":"Vitamin D intake: A novel neuroprotectant?","author":"Judd S. E.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002654"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Smoking is a significant determinant of low serum vitamin D in young and middle\u2010aged healthy males","volume":"14","author":"Kassi E. N.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hormones"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"PTH and vitamin D","volume":"6","author":"Khundmiri S. J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comprehensive Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.651752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201110-1868OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56847-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2015.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/15701611113119990119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.1038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000239694.19359.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.513655"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000195184.24297.c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0821-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e31818e639b"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2014.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11888-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","volume-title":"Clinical neurology","author":"Simon R. P.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2012.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.8.1926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.636910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9100997"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Iranian population: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"43","author":"Tabrizi R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2010.523132"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-020-01686-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1300957"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2017-0165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.706127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-018-0950-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2012.21.4.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Vitamin D and inflammatory diseases","volume":"7","author":"Yin K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Inflammation Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","first-page":"2914484","article-title":"Prediction model between serum vitamin D and neurological deficit in cerebral infarction patients based on machine learning","volume":"2022","author":"Zhang H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Human Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.23810","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ajhb.23810","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.23810","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T08:10:02Z","timestamp":1692519002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajhb.23810"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajhb.23810"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajhb.23810","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-0533","1520-6300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e23810"}}