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The role of early childhood stress in mortality from infectious disease is understudied. Stressors in early childhood that weaken the immune system may result in increased susceptibility to infectious disease in adulthood. Weaning is one of the earliest potential periods of significant stress in early childhood. This research investigates the effect of weaning after ~6\u00a0months of age on cholera mortality among 18th\u201319th\u2010century Italian populations by determining if earlier breastfeeding cessation is associated with earlier mortality, analyzing childhood dietary variation and physiological stress markers, and determining if age\u2010at\u2010weaning completion differs between catastrophic and attritional populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serial dentin stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses from canines are compared between catastrophic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a045) and attritional groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a023). Canines are sectioned serially from crown to apex, and the increment's \u03b4<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N and \u03b4<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C are used to estimate age\u2010at\u2010weaning completion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Catastrophic and attritional groups exhibit similar age\u2010at\u2010weaning completion (~2.8\u2009years). Seventy\u2010four percent of individuals lack elevated \u03b4<jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N values in dentin that formed during infancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Age\u2010at\u2010weaning completion was not a predisposing factor in cholera mortality in adulthood in this sample. Age\u2010at\u2010weaning completion may not be significantly associated with infectious disease mortality because weaning completion likely occurred after infants had adapted to consuming contaminated weanling foods. 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