{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T14:50:05Z","timestamp":1782312605702,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008451","name":"Binghamton University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008451","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Hum Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the reliability of data from the assay of bio\u2010archived specimens, a 50\u2010freeze\u2013thaw\u2010cycle (FTC) degradation study of fresh sera was conducted to test the stability of 16 immunoregulators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty de\u2010identified serum specimens were obtained from volunteers at United Health Services\u2010Wilson Memorial Hospital. Specimens were stored at \u221220\u00b0C and underwent daily 1\u2009h thawing and subsequent freezing for each FTC over 50 consecutive days. Immunoregulator concentrations were assessed via enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in participant samples at 2 FTC (baseline), 25 FTC, and 50 FTC. Specific immunoregulators observed in the study were C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b1, 4, 6, 8, 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20101 (MCP\u20101, CCL2), monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20102 (MCP\u20102, CCL8), eotaxin\u20101, thymus\u2010and\u2010activation\u2010regulated chemokine (TARC, CCL17), regulated on activation normal T\u2010cell expressed and secreted (RANTES, CCL5), growth\u2010regulated oncogene\u2010alpha (GRO\u2010\u03b1, CXCL1), small inducible cytokine A1 (I\u2010309, CCL1), interferon\u2010gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3), interferon\u2010gamma inducible protein\u201010 (IP\u201010, CXCL10), and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Quantitative stability of serum immunoregulators:<\/jats:italic> Serum CRP, IL\u20108, IL\u201010, IFN\u2010\u03b3, IP\u201010, and eotaxin\u20101 levels appear to be statistically equivalent from baseline to 50 FTC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u2009.05). <jats:italic>Retention of patterns in serum immunoregulators:<\/jats:italic> patterns across FTC were retained for TARC (age) and CRP, IFN\u2010\u03b3, and MCP\u20102 (sex).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the effect of multiple FTC on serum immunoregulator levels may not replicate prolonged freezer storage, the results of this study provide valuable information on the robustness of immunoregulators for research using bio\u2010archived sera.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.24087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T09:24:31Z","timestamp":1714382671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quantitative and qualitative analysis of stability for 16 serum immunoregulators over 50 freeze\u2013thaw cycles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1545-8180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. 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