{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T23:36:54Z","timestamp":1789688214553,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":176,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2219216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2219216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Hum Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In the aftermath of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A pandemic, research revealed the relationship between body size and the severity of influenza outcomes. However, there is little data available on body size in historical populations; therefore, the relationship between body size and 1918 influenza pandemic outcomes is virtually unknown. Alaskan death records from the Alaska Bureau of Vital Statistics with recorded height and mass at death (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092724) were analyzed to illuminate this relationship during both the pandemic (1918\u201320) and a non\u2010pandemic period (1917, 1921\u201325). Binomial logistic regression models were fit to predict the likelihood of a P&amp;I death against four other major causes of death, first using only BMI as a predictor, then controlling for demographic variables. BMI alone can predict the probability of P&amp;I death, but only during the pandemic period (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). BMI (ORs\u2009=\u20090.90\u20131.51), all regions (ORs\u2009=\u20092.08\u20139.17), age (OR\u2009=\u20090.98), sex (male: OR\u2009=\u20090.66\u20130.75), and ethnicity group (non\u2010Alaska Native: OR\u2009=\u20090.36\u20130.37) significantly predicted the likelihood of a P&amp;I death during the pandemic. The results suggest that as BMI increases, the risk of P&amp;I death also increases with additional predictors, but only during the 1918 influenza pandemic period. There is no significant relationship between BMI and P&amp;I death outside of pandemic years. This result may contribute an additional unique feature to our understanding of the 1918 influenza pandemic and its epidemiological novelty. This research further contributes new data on historical population biology and contextualizes results within the framework of developmental origins of health and disease for ultimate explanations of differential risks between Alaska Native and settler populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T07:23:29Z","timestamp":1759303409000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Body Size and Risk of Death During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Alaska"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3827-6550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taylor P.","family":"van Doren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Circumpolar Health Studies University of Alaska Anchorage  Anchorage Alaska USA"},{"name":"Department of Sociology &amp; Anthropology High Point University  High Point North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren E.","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry &amp; Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Tinker\u2010Fortel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4534-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Sattenspiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/bhm.2003.0049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/tam.2019.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Altaha N. andS.Kraus.2017.\u201cKill the Indian Save the Man: Native American Historical Trauma in College Students.\u201dMetamorphosis 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cdp0000049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"Avila R. andR.Topol.2018.\u201cAlaska Facts and Figures 1918 Pandemic Influenza Mortality in Alaska. Health Analytics and Vital Records. Division of Public Health Department of Health and Social Services.\u201dhttps:\/\/health.alaska.gov\/dph\/VitalStats\/Documents\/PDFs\/AK_1918Flu_DataBrief_0920."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6804.671"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6761.1111"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0965539500001005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90710-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy151"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.650768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750\u20102659.2011.00262.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1408\/071313"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2007.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2015.1063771"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2022.100311"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223344.2021.2013724"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2024.\u201cBody Mass Index (BMI). CDC Healthy Weight Nutrition and Physical Activity.\u201dcdc.gov\/healthyweight\/assessing\/bmi\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0908216"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20103156.2009.02364.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"683","article-title":"Defective Antigen Presentation in Chronically Protein\u2010Deprived Mice","volume":"63","author":"Conzen S. D.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","volume-title":"America's Forgotten Pandemic: The Influenza of 1918","author":"Crosby A. W.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","volume-title":"Living Our Cultures, Sharing Our Heritage: The First Peoples of Alaska","author":"Crowell A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18584\/iipj.2011.2.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2022.101314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","volume-title":"Thirteenth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1910. Statistics for Alaska","author":"Department of Commerce and Labor Bureau of the Census","year":"1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.24517"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750\u20102659.2011.00254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801602"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092556"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.104.5.687"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","first-page":"178","volume-title":"Chills and Fever: Health and Disease in the Early History of Alaska","author":"Fortuine R.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","volume-title":"\u201cMust We All Die?\u201d: Alaska's Enduring Struggle With Tuberculosis","author":"Fortuine R.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2021.105407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31952\/amha.18.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520\u20106300(200001\/02)12:1<75::AID\u2010AJHB9>3.0.CO;2\u2010G"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.12.2960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu448"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","first-page":"278","article-title":"Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Body Composition in Athletes","volume":"49","author":"Garrido\u2010Chamorro R. P.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.110.970145"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511544699","volume-title":"Early Life Origins of Health and Disease","author":"Gluckman P. D.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(09)60234\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174409990171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740\u20108709.2005.00020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","volume-title":"Indians of the Northwest Coast","author":"Goddard P. E.","year":"1924"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201706\u2010447AW"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-56913-6_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41285\u2010017\u20100055\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21682"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.10.7090"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u2010277X.2010.01096.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10889370903000422"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.770066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0968344513504525"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22423982.2024.2325711"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200786"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/bhm.2002.0022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.12987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2013.54.6.1430"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.27.1_supplement.123.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05181"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8644(199808)106:4<483::AID-AJPA4>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401685"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12529"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20122508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05495"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02951"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","first-page":"238","article-title":"Alaska's Great Disaster: The 1918 Spanish Influenza Epidemic","volume":"16","author":"Lauterat R. L.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Alaska Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111614"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/66.2.478S"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbado72"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.10.2611"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq152"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322662"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010018\u20105172\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:102217902583"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2011.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed4020074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00324728.2021.1959630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/01455532\u20102074420"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2018.1472165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_100_1","first-page":"104","volume-title":"Frontiers in Econometrics","author":"McFadden D.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001946468602300102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_103_1","unstructured":"M\u00f8lbak Ingholt M. M.vanWijhe M.Linnet Perner et\u00a0al.2019.\u201cInfluenza in Greenland 1914\u20131921 Untold Stories and Diverging Patterns.\u201dSingapore: Options X."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12618"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2019.00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.21180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.11.3.577\u2010580.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12625"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728\u20104457.2000.00565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NT.0000000000000092"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22423982.2023.2179452"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir729"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eoac030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22423982.2021.2024960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/124861"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23927"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00185-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyv060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2005.06.009"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_125_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"The Geography and Mortality of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic","volume":"65","author":"Patterson K. D.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa597"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_127_1","first-page":"322","article-title":"Observations on the Present Distributions of Influenza A\/Swine Antibodies Among Alaska Natives Relative to the Occurrence of Influenza in 1918\u20101919","volume":"75","author":"Philip R. N.","year":"1962","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39101-4_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366\u2010021\u201001035\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14771"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/ijch.v67i4.18346"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2019.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/jwh.2021.0044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/napa.12011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwae173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.948488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-200007000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0271\u20105317(96)00232\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/issj.12266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa159"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277\u20109536(94)90205\u20104"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_143_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"A Dose of Drugs, a Touch of Violence, a Case of AIDS: Conceptualizing the SAVA Syndemic","volume":"24","author":"Singer M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Free Inquiry in Creative Sociology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/maq.2003.17.4.423"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_145_1","volume-title":"Influenza in Alaska and Porto Rico: Hearings Before Subcommittee of House Committee on Appropriations","author":"Sisson T. U.","year":"1919"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.5.1236"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_147_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"A Comparison of Logistic Regression Pseudo R\n                  2 Indices","volume":"39","author":"Smith T. J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Multiple Linear Regression Viewpoints"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010anthro\u2010092412\u2010155517"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_149_1","volume-title":"Pale Rider: The Spanish Flu of 1918 and How It Changed the World","author":"Spinney L.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwy191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.1.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26539"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.6.7.16222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u2010023169\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602888"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/696939"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/01455532\u201030\u20102\u2010167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19485565.2013.774627"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_164_1","volume-title":"A Treatise on the Diseases of Children: With General Directions for the Management of Infants From the Birth","author":"Underwood M.","year":"1789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.70010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_166_1","unstructured":"vanDoren T. P. R. A.Brown andR.Heintz.2023.\u201cBiocultural Perspectives of Pandemics and Post\u2010Pandemic Population Health in Alaska.\u201dArctic Yearbook."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.24332"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01560"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153235"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201011\u2010136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129713"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822390831-015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_175_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.2010.\u201cA Healthy Lifestyle\u2013WHO Recommendations. World Health Organization Newsroom.\u201dwho.int\/europe\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/item\/a\u2010healthy\u2010lifestyle\u2014who\u2010recommendations."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4145"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.080614"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Human Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajhb.70151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T18:25:01Z","timestamp":1761762301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajhb.70151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":176,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajhb.70151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajhb.70151","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-0533","1520-6300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-0533","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70151"}}