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These included both active (runners: run\u2009\u2265\u200910\u2009km\/week) and inactive (did not follow the WHO 2020 PA recommendations) individuals. Dependent variables were body composition parameters fat mass index (FMI) and visceral fat (VFA), measured using dual\u2010emission X\u2010ray absorptiometry (DXA). A Hologic QDR (Horizon) bone densitometer was used for the measurement. Independent variables were AP values (PM\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      , PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , BaP), for which lifetime exposure (LC\n                      <jats:sub>xp<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) was calculated. Volume physical activity (PA), eating habits, and cardiorespiratory fitness (V\u0307O\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) were analyzed as covariates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that long\u2010term exposure to AP was not associated with increased adiposity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.000), sex (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.000), and V\u0307O\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.000) were associated with VFA. Values for VFA increased with age, males had higher VFA than females, and VFA values decreased with increasing V\u0307O\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) values. Furthermore, higher V\u0307O\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were strongly associated with lower FMI (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.000).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adiposity was not associated with AP in the studied population. Adiposity was affected mainly by lifestyle and associated cardiorespiratory fitness presented by V\u0307O\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      values.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.70159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:01:21Z","timestamp":1761660081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of Air Pollution With Adiposity Rates in Active Runners and Inactive People"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1973-1503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Kutac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Movement Studies, Faculty of Education University of Ostrava  Ostrava Czech 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