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This paper considers the heavy toll of reactivation risk in Indigenous communities in Canada and the chronic, everyday pro\u2010inflammatory stressors connected with type 3\/M1\/T\n                    <jats:sub>H<\/jats:sub>\n                    17 immune switching, including household fungal and endotoxin exposures that fuel reactivation risk. The paper argues that regular or chronic pro\u2010inflammatory stressors are risks not only for latent Mtb reactivation and ongoing transmission, but also, via compromised type 4\/M2\/T\n                    <jats:sub>H<\/jats:sub>\n                    22 mucosal barrier protections, severe asthma and translocated, possibly invasive, bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. Individual and community efforts to reduce chronic pro\u2010inflammatory stressors are important, but as the immunological, switch\u2010inducing rationale suggests, unless chronic pro\u2010inflammatory risks associated with housing are mediated, tuberculosis reactivation and other health risks will likely persist.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.70258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T12:47:47Z","timestamp":1776084467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Why, Immunologically, Housing\u2010Related Fungi and Endotoxins (and Other Chronic Pro\u2010Inflammatory Stressors) Risk Latent Tuberculosis Reactivation, Severe Asthma, and Translocating and Invasive Infections in Indigenous Communities in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8141-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stacie","family":"Burke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2016.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423\u2010024\u201001140\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073744"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","unstructured":"Avatiliqiyikkut Department of Environment Government of Nunavut.2025.\u201cBrucellosis: What You Should Know. 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