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The goal of this study is to identify the dominant research themes published in the journal and track their evolution over this 36\u2010year period. To achieve this goal, we adopted a mixed\u2010methods approach that combined large language model (LLM) topic modeling, using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), with qualitative expert review. Our dataset comprised 3348 abstracts and metadata (e.g., author, year, title) published between 1989 and April 2025 retrieved from PubMed. We used BERT\u2010based clustering as a first\u2010pass classifier and then expert consensus to consolidate the clusters into themes. Fifteen major themes emerged. We then examined temporal changes in these 15 themes. Two themes that have and continue to dominate are\n                    <jats:italic>Growth and Development<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Body Composition<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In contrast,\n                    <jats:italic>Genetics<\/jats:italic>\n                    , while common, declined in recent years.\n                    <jats:italic>Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Health,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Demography and Reproduction,<\/jats:italic>\n                    while always well\u2010represented, increased, especially since 2010. Meanwhile, the less\u2010prevalent themes\n                    <jats:italic>Stress Biology<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Nutrition<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Human Biology Frameworks<\/jats:italic>\n                    have shown gradual growth. Overall, while a set of themes dominate the journal's corpus of scholarship, the trends we found indicate a transition toward more theory\u2010driven analyses of health and disease and underscore the journal's responsiveness to emerging scientific paradigms and global health challenges, offering a roadmap for future scholarship.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.70346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T05:19:22Z","timestamp":1791609562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tracing the Thematic Evolution of the American Journal of Human Biology (1989\u20132025) Using a Mixed\u2010Methods Approach That Combines BERT, a Large Language Model, With Qualitative Expert Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4683-3871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6710-1047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. L.","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1035-1237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. A.","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology Binghamton University  Binghamton New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7671-6759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. S.","family":"Downey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7392-4517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. 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