{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:53:18Z","timestamp":1790884398868,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]],"date-time":"2004-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1100736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Little is known about the effects of organic solvents on male reproductive health. To assess fertility and reproductive endocrine function in solvent\u2010exposed men, we investigated time\u2010to\u2010pregnancy using a retrospective cohort design and cross\u2010sectionally measured reproductive hormone concentrations in painters and millwrights compared to a reference group of carpenters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Detailed occupational, exposure, medical, and time\u2010to\u2010pregnancy histories were obtained by telephone interview. Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone concentrations were determined by immunoassay. Exposure indices, which summarized working life exposure to total solvents, chlorinated solvents, aromatic solvents, and thinners, degreasers, varnishes, and adhesives as a category were calculated from exposure histories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>FSH concentrations increased significantly with increasing exposure indices for all solvents and for chlorinated solvents. There were no significant associations of solvent exposure indices with LH or testosterone levels. LH, FSH, and testosterone concentrations also did not differ by job title. Using Cox regression, time\u2010to\u2010pregnancy was non\u2010significantly longer in the painters and millwrights than the carpenters. There was no significant association between time\u2010to\u2010pregnancy and any of the solvent exposure indices; however, it should be noted that some of the pregnancies occurred more than 20 years previously, potentially reducing the reliability of the retrospectively collected pregnancy and exposure data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The significant associations between FSH levels and solvent exposure indices suggest the potential for adverse effects of solvent exposures on reproductive function in men. Am. J. Ind. Med. 46:614\u2013626, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]],"date-time":"2004-11-18T15:20:31Z","timestamp":1100791231000},"page":"614-626","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of occupational solvent exposure on reproductive hormone concentrations and fecundability in men"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Luderer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Bushley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert D.","family":"Stover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Bremner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine M.","family":"Faustman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy K.","family":"Takaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey","family":"Checkoway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl Andrew","family":"Brodkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Principles of ambulatory medicine","author":"Anonymous","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114417"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(94)90142-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009718"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.10.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199709)32:3<217::AID-AJIM6>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"441","article-title":"Assessing alcohol consumption in general practice patients\u2014A comparison between questionnaire and interview (findings of the Medical Research Council's General Practice Research Framework Study on Lifestyle and Health)","volume":"23","author":"Cutler SF","year":"1988","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.56.2.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00515-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-59-5-955"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.4.797"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3433632"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.07069.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"IARC.1989.Occupational exposures in paint manufacture and painting. 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