{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T04:18:58Z","timestamp":1792469938400,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]],"date-time":"2005-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mineral dusts that contain crystalline silica have been associated directly or indirectly with the development of pneumoconiosis or silicosis, non\u2010malignant respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and other diseases. The health impacts on workers with silica mixed dust exposure in tin mines and dose\u2010response relationships between cumulative dust exposure and the mortality from lung cancer are investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cohort of 7,837 workers registered in the employment records in 4 Chinese tin mines between 1972 and 1974 was identified for this study and the mortality follow\u2010up was traced through 1994. Of the cohort, the cause of death was ascertained for 1,061 (97%) of the 1,094 deceased workers. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for all workers, non\u2010exposed workers, and dust\u2010exposed workers with different exposure levels, silicotics, and non\u2010silicotics based on Chinese national rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mortality from all causes in four tin mines was nearly the same as the national mortality. Malignant neoplasm, cerebrovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease accounted for 68.6% of all deaths. Mortality excess from lung cancer, liver cancer, all malignant diseases, and non\u2010malignant respiratory diseases was observed among dust\u2010exposed workers; a 50\u2010fold excess of pneumoconiosis was observed. There was an upward trend for SMRs of lung cancer was noted from no exposure to low, medium, and high exposure levels (SMRs\u2009=\u20091.29, 2.65, 2.66, 3.33). The shape of the exposure\u2010response curve for risk of lung cancer at high exposure levels was inconsistent in these four mines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings indicated a positive dose\u2010response relation between exposure to cumulative dust and the mortality of lung cancer. High arsenic content in dust particles, together with crystalline silica, may play an important role in causing increased mortality from lung cancer. Am. J. Ind. Med., 2006. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]],"date-time":"2005-12-16T19:16:40Z","timestamp":1134760600000},"page":"67-76","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Exposures to silica mixed dust and cohort mortality study in tin mines: Exposure\u2010response analysis and risk assessment of lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Weihong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Bruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(99)00186-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.59.2.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199203000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02887794"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.58.1.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b407606k"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.10022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700240106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"378","article-title":"A study of the mortality of Cornish tin miners","volume":"38","author":"Fox AJ","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4878(99)00103-9","article-title":"Estimating factors to convert Chinese \u2018Total Dust\u2019 measurements to ACGIH respirable concentrations in metal mines and pottery industries","volume":"44","author":"Gao P","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.14.8103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-200007000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"665","article-title":"Mortality of a cohort of tin miners 1941\u20131986","volume":"47","author":"Hodgson JT","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02888156"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organization.1987.IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to human. Vol. 7. Arsenic and arsenic compounds. IARC Lyon."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organization.1997.IARC monograohs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Vol. 68. Silica some silicates coal dust and para\u2010aramid fibrils. IARC Lyon."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.79.12.1613"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"A nested case\u2010control study of lung cancer among silica exposed workers in China","volume":"49","author":"McLaughlin JK","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"SAS\/STAT User's Guide, Version 8","author":"SAS Institute, Inc","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700250503"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"881","article-title":"Relation of arsenic exposure to lung cancer among tin miners in Yunnan Province, China","volume":"46","author":"Taylor PR","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.79.12.1599"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annhyg\/45.8.631"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajim.20248","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.20248","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T06:02:49Z","timestamp":1700028169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.20248"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.20248"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.20248","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-3586","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,16]]}}}