{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T06:59:33Z","timestamp":1778223573390,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]],"date-time":"2006-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1144022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Work in leather tanning may involve exposure to a wide range of chemicals. Some of these are carcinogens or suspected carcinogens. Increased risk for a number of cancers have been reported, although there are considerable inconsistencies between studies. The present study investigates the mortality of leather tanners in Tuscany, Italy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tanneries were selected from the 1996 Valdarno Inferiore Tanneries Census and were in operation since December 31, 1970. Employees were followed until December 31, 1998 through company records, and the National and Regional Death Index. Demographic and work history data were abstracted from company payrolls. Regional mortality rates were used to calculate Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR). Analyses were completed for the overall cohort (men and women) and for men who <jats:italic>ever worked<\/jats:italic> as of finisher, chrome tanners, and vegetable tanner (only men).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cohort consisted of 4,874 workers (4,150 males and 724 females) employed in 92 tanneries active in 1996 and operating on December 31, 1970. Ascertainment of vital status and cause of death were completed for all individuals by the end of follow\u2010up, December 31, 1998. Males showed increases for cancer of the endocrine glands (SMR 5.67, 4 observed (obs), 90% Confidence Intervals (CI) 195\u20131,308), blood diseases (SMR 3.29, 4 obs, 90% CI 112\u2013753), mental disorders (SMR 1.95, 6 obs, 90% CI 85\u2013385), violence and accidents (SMR 1.30, 54 obs, 90% CI 102\u2013163). Mortality from myeloid leukemia was increased in males (SMR 2.08, 5 obs, 90% CI 82\u2013437) and in females (SMR 5.99, 2 obs, 90% CI 106\u20131,887). One death from nasal cancer was observed versus 0.2 expected. Mortality from lung cancer was increased among finishers (SMR 1.45, 19 obs, 90% CI 95\u2013212), an increase was observed also for bladder cancer (SMR 1.25, 2 obs, 90% CI 22\u2013393) and pancreatic cancer (SMR 1.20, 2 obs, 90% CI 21\u2013379).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study confirms previous observations among tanners of increased mortality from lung, bladder, and pancreatic cancer. Noteworthy are the increased mortality from myeloid leukemia together with the new findings of an increased mortality from endocrine glands tumors, blood diseases, and psychiatric disorders which should be considered with caution because of the small number of cases and the novelty of the observation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]],"date-time":"2006-04-03T13:54:52Z","timestamp":1144072492000},"page":"452-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A cohort mortality study of leather tanners in Tuscany, Italy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Tonina E.","family":"Iaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dusca","family":"Bartoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Calzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Comba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"De Santis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Dini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe A.","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Valiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Pirastu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90957-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5693.385"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01202722"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2401290"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Epidemia di tumori polmonari in una conceria del biellese (VC)","volume":"44","author":"Bonassi S","year":"1990","journal-title":"Epidemiol Prev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92870-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92297-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"222","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses in shoemakers and woodworkers in the province of Florence, Italy (1963\u20131977)","volume":"37","author":"Cecchi F","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195092424.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197205)29:5<1250::AID-CNCR2820290518>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700220406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"494","article-title":"Cancer mortality among leather tanners","volume":"43","author":"Edling C","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"FondelliMC BellanderT Seniori CostantiniA Alberghini MaltoniS AngiolucciS.1994.Mappe di rischio oncogeno Archivio Regionale prodotti\/sostanze. Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica USL 10\/E\u2010 Firenze."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700050407"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3433819"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Wood, leather and some associated industries. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Overall evaluations of carcinogenicity: An updating of IARC monographs. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to human","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Chromium, nickel and welding. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Dry cleaning, some chlorinated solvents and other industrial chemicals. IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. Printing processes and printing inks, carbon black and some nitroso compounds","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Polychlorinated dibenzo\u2010para\u2010dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Re\u2010evaluation of some organic chemicals, hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide. Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Some industrial chemicals. Monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910410414"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199908)36:2<260::AID-AJIM5>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91587-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/49.4.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Sinonasal cancer and occupational exposures: A pooled analysis of 12 case\u2010control studies","volume":"13","author":"Luce D","year":"2002","journal-title":"CCC"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90228-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2684614"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/19.2.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Conceria pratica","author":"Martignone G","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199901000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"MenegozzoM ColicchioG Di CintioP Di LielloL PecoraioP De PianoM BigottiMA CapocacciaR CombaP.1987a.Studi di mortalit\u00e0 nell'area conciaria Solofrana. Nota I: Studio geografico. Atti 500Congresso Nazionale Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Medicina del Lavoro e Igiene Industriale. Roma 21\u201324 Ottobre 1987. p481\u2013484."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","unstructured":"MenegozzoM ColicchioG Di CintioP Di LielloL PecoraioP De PianoM BigottiMA CapocacciaR CombaP.1987b.Studi di mortalit\u00e0 nell'area conciaria Solofrana. Nota II: Studio caso\u2010controllo. Atti 500Congresso Nazionale Societ\u00e0 Italiana di Medicina del Lavoro e Igiene Industriale. Roma 21\u201024 Ottobre 1987. p485\u2013487."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"On the causal association between exposure to leather dust and nasal cancer: Further evidence from a case\u2010control study","volume":"43","author":"Merler E","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.51.8.530"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.53.7.463"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(200005)37:5<532::AID-AJIM9>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Testicular cancer in leather workers\u2010Fulton County","author":"MMWR","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.54.8.588"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.5.316"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Effetto di confondimento del fumo di tabacco nell'accertamento di rischi oncogeni professionali","volume":"78","author":"Pesatori AC","year":"1987","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2223"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"285","article-title":"Mortality of tanners","volume":"42","author":"Pippard EC","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","unstructured":"PoliC CalzoniP CarmuscianoF FastelliM.1999.Composti chimici in conceria. Analisi delle schede di sicurezza. II Congresso Europeo di Igiene Industriale I Congresso Mediterraneo di Igiene Industriale. In: Atti del Convegno AIDII Bari 30\u20106\u20101999. p330\u2013332."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","first-page":"471","article-title":"Studio di mortalit\u00e0 fra i lavoratori di una conceria","volume":"75","author":"Puntoni R","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Mappe di rischio oncologico in ambiente di lavoro. Il settore conciario","author":"Regione Toscana\u2010Giunta Regionale","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","first-page":"1001","volume-title":"Cancer epidemiology and prevention","author":"Ron E","year":"1996"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Survival of cancer patients in Italy in the nineties: figures from the Cancer Registries","volume":"25","author":"Rosso S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epidemiol Prev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199703)31:3<287::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annhyg\/31.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","first-page":"384","article-title":"Cancer mortality among workers in the Tuscan tanning industry","volume":"46","author":"Seniori Costantini A","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","first-page":"184","article-title":"Studi epidemiologici su rischio cancerogeno ed attivit\u00e0 lavorativa nell'industria della concia, pelletteria e calzatura","volume":"81","author":"Seniori Costantini A","year":"1990","journal-title":"Med Lav"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0274(200009)38:3<295::AID-AJIM8>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.10242"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2073"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajim.20309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.20309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T09:51:31Z","timestamp":1700041891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.20309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.20309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.20309","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-3586","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,3]]}}}