{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,17]],"date-time":"2024-03-17T08:10:40Z","timestamp":1710663040417},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,22]],"date-time":"2009-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1256169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tetrahydrothiophene (THT) is frequently used to odorize natural (city) gas. Only sparse data on adverse health effects of THT on humans are available.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a literature search and clinical investigations including case history and cardiopulmonary diagnostic tests in two symptomatic THT\u2010exposed outpatients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The two THT\u2010exposed city workers developed transient neurologic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headaches, as well as skin and mucosa irritation, chronic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmia. The neurological symptoms and respiratory disorders were found to be caused by intermittently high THT exposures. In favor of a causal relationship were severe work\u2010related neurological and respiratory symptoms in previously healthy workers, results of animal experiments, and another report with very similar findings in the literature. The etiology of arterial hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia, however, remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our two case reports demonstrate that repeated high THT\u2010exposures can\u2014in addition to neurotoxic symptoms\u2014elicit chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We recommend improved primary and secondary preventive measures, including the establishment of a TLV. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:982\u2013986, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,22]],"date-time":"2009-10-22T17:55:51Z","timestamp":1256234151000},"page":"982-986","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Occupational obstructive airway diseases caused by the natural gas odorant tetrahydrothiophene\u2014two case reports"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"X.","family":"Baur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(77)90073-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.51.3.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"List of MAK and BAT Values. Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area","author":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"European Commission European Chemicals Bureau.2000ed. IUCLID Dataset Tetrahydrothiophenehttp:\/\/ecb.jrc.it\/documents\/Existing\u2010Chemicals\/IUCLID\/DATA_SHEETS\/110010.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"European Union.2001.Commission directive 2001\/59\/EC of 6 August 2001 adapting to technical progress for the 28th time Council Directive 67\/548\/EEC on the approximation of the laws regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. Official Journal of the European Communities. Official Journal EC (L225):1\u2010333.http:\/\/europa.eu.int\/eur\u2010lex\/pri\/en\/oj\/dat\/2001\/l_225\/l_22520010821en00010333.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"European Union.2004.Corrigendum to Commission Directive 2004\/73\/EC of 29 April 2004 adapting to technical progress for the 29th time Council Directive 67\/548\/EEC on the approximation of the laws regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification packaging and labelling of dangerous substances. (\u2018Official Journal of the European Union\u2019 L 152 of 30 April 2004). Official Journal EU (L216):3\u2010310.http:\/\/europa.eu.int\/eur\u2010lex\/pri\/en\/oj\/dat\/2004\/l_216\/l_ 21620040616en00030310.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"GESTIS Database on hazardous substances.2009.Tetrahydrothiophene.http:\/\/www.dguv.de\/bgia\/en\/gestis\/stoffdb\/index.jsp."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"GlaserU.1990.Pr\u00fcfung der subakuten inhalativen Toxizit\u00e4t von Tetrahydrothiophen (THT) an Ratten. Fraunhofer\u2010Institut f\u00fcr Umweltchemie und Okotoxikologie im Auftrag der Berufsgenossenschaft der Chemischen Industrie. Projekt 217280\/88."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Gesundheitssch\u00e4dliche Arbeitsstoffe. Toxikologisch\u2010arbeitsmedizinische Begr\u00fcndungen von MAK\u2010Werten. Tetrahydrothiophen","author":"Greim H","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Gesundheitssch\u00e4dliche Arbeitsstoffe. Toxikologisch\u2010arbeitsmedizinische Begr\u00fcndungen von MAK\u2010Werten. 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