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This study assessed their roles in the occurrence of injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three\u2010year prospective study of all 22,952 permanently employed women at the French national railway company: 63,620 person\u2010years, 756 injuries with working days lost, coded using the company's injury classification derived from that of the French health insurance scheme. We investigated the incidence of four types of injury: fall on same level, fall to lower level, materials\/equipment\/objects handling, and other injuries. Data were analyzed using negative binomial regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Workers aged &lt;25 were subject to a higher risk for all types of injuries. Older workers (45\u201355 years) were subject to a higher injury risk for fall on same level and fall to lower level. For fall on same level as for fall to lower level the relative risk decreased steadily with increasing length of service with the company, from 1.60 for 1 year to 0.50\u20130.60 for \u226530 years. For injuries due to materials\/equipment\/objects handling the relative risk decreased from 1.05 for one year to 0.49 for 5\u20139 years, and then increased to about 1.50 for 20\u201329 years and \u226530 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Younger and shorter lengths of service were at risk for various types of injuries. Higher length of service was at risk for injury due to materials\/equipment\/objects handling. Preventive measures should consider the respective risks associated with age, years of employment and job. Am. J. Ind. 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