{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T03:47:07Z","timestamp":1776052027150,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]],"date-time":"2016-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article examines serious and fatal pneumatic nail gun (PNG) injury investigations for workplace, tool design, and human factors relevant to causation and resulting OS&amp;H authorities' responses in terms of citations and penalties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) database of Fatality and Catastrophe Investigation Summaries (F&amp;CIS) were reviewed (1985\u20132012) to identify n\u2009=\u2009258 PNG accidents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>79.8% of investigations, and 100% of fatalities, occurred in the construction industry. Between 53\u201371% of injuries appear to have been preventable had a safer sequential trigger tool been used. Citations and monetary penalties were related to injury severity, body part injured, disabling of safety devices, and insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differences may exist between construction and other industries in investigators interpretations of PNG injury causation and resulting citations\/penalties. Violations of PPE standards were penalized most severely, yet the preventive effect of PPE would likely have been less than that of a safer sequential trigger. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:164\u2013174, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]],"date-time":"2016-01-04T10:35:00Z","timestamp":1451903700000},"page":"164-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Serious injury and fatality investigations involving pneumatic nail guns, 1985\u20132012"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Brian D.","family":"Lowe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"Albers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Hudock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward F.","family":"Krieg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"American National Standard Institute.2002. 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