{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T09:34:55Z","timestamp":1777109695526,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]],"date-time":"2017-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["35607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["35607"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and generally fatal cancer, usually caused by asbestos, although about 5\u201310% of cases report no asbestos exposure. This study aimed to identify sources whereby people in Western Australia (WA) may be unknowingly exposed to asbestos or to other exposures which may cause MM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cases with no known asbestos exposure were selected from the WA Mesothelioma Register (WAMR). Matched controls were selected from hospital patients admitted for conditions unrelated to asbestos. Occupational histories were coded by an industrial hygienist. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010eight MM participants and 134 controls were recruited. Risk of MM was increased (OR\u2009=\u20093.1, 95%CI 1.0\u20139.6) after no known, but likely, exposure to asbestos at work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because of its extensive use, few people in WA have never been exposed to asbestos. Unrecognized exposure may cause most MM cases initially regarded as \u201cno exposure.\u201d Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:432\u2013436, 2017. \u00a9 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]],"date-time":"2017-02-28T11:18:54Z","timestamp":1488280734000},"page":"432-436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Risk factors for malignant mesothelioma in people with no known exposure to asbestos"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Bill","family":"Musk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Len","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Caltex Australia Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helman","family":"Alfonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Curtin University Bentley Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Curtin University Bentley Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nola","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Mina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fraser","family":"Brims","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennie","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PathWest Laboratory Medicine Nedlands Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9223-0767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"de Klerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia Subiaco Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"AMR (Australian Mesothelioma Registry).2015. 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