{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T05:27:10Z","timestamp":1790486830306,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009164","name":"Moffitt Cancer Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5D43TW009804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5D43TW009804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009164","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among Moroccan women. Environmental and occupational factors may play a role in breast cancer etiology. This study aimed to investigate the association between occupation, industry, and breast cancer risk among Moroccan women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 300 breast cancer cases and 300 controls (matched by age and area of residence) were included in this study. Full occupational history was collected, with a detailed description of each job held for at least 6 months. Occupations were coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 08) and the Moroccan Analytical Classification of Professions (2001). Industries were coded according to the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (2008). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for potential confounders were estimated by using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>An overall decreased risk of breast cancer was observed among women doing only household work (OR\u2009=\u20090.32; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.18\u20100.55). An increased risk of breast cancer was observed among women in agricultural occupations, particularly those employed as agricultural laborers (ISCO 08 code: 921; OR\u2009=\u20092.91; 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.51\u20105.60) and the risk increased with duration of employment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> trend\u2009=\u2009.01). Analyses by industry corroborated these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that occupational exposures may be associated with increased risk of breast cancer among female agricultural workers in this population. Further investigations, with advanced methods of occupational exposure assessment, are warranted to clarify the role of chemicals involved in this high\u2010risk occupation and to suggest preventive actions and screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T09:34:00Z","timestamp":1564997640000},"page":"838-846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Occupation and risk of female breast cancer: A case\u2010control study in Morocco"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4639-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Khalis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy  Fez Morocco"},{"name":"IFSTTAR, UMRESTTE UCBL, University of Lyon  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karima","family":"El Rhazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy  Fez Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Fort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFSTTAR, UMRESTTE UCBL, University of Lyon  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Chaj\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Section International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafida","family":"Charaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Hassan II University Hospital of Fez  Fez Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Huybrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Section International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Moskal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Section International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carine","family":"Biessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Section International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Romieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Section International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fouad","family":"Abbass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Hassan II University Hospital of Fez  Fez Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boujemaa","family":"El Marnissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development Hassan II University Hospital of Fez  Fez Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawfel","family":"Mellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Hassan II University Hospital of Fez  Fez Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chakib","family":"Nejjari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences  Casablanca Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amr S.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Social Medicine City University of New York  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Charbotel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFSTTAR, UMRESTTE UCBL, University of Lyon  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_3_1","unstructured":"Lalla Salma Foundation Prevention Detection and Treatment of Cancers. 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