{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:13:54Z","timestamp":1770905634572,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Southeast Center for Agricultural Health and Injury Prevention, University of Kentucky College of Public Health","award":["CDC\/NIOSH Cooperative Agreement 5U54OH007547-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CDC\/NIOSH Cooperative Agreement 5U54OH007547-12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thoroughbred horse farm workers self\u2010report a high frequency of work\u2010related injuries and pain. However, an analysis of Thoroughbred horse farm workers\u2019 compensation injury claims is absent from the literature, yet may benefit worker safety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed workers\u2019 compensation insurance firm data containing 2276 claims filed between 2008 and 2015. Injury frequency, cost, and lost time per cause, nature, and body part injured were examined qualitatively and via univariate tests. Factors associated with high cost and high duration lost time claims were modeled via multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average Thoroughbred worker claim cost $4,198 and accrued 10 days lost time, involving strikes (57% of total claims), sprains\/strains (34%), and wrist\/hand injuries (18%). Injuries primarily occurred on mornings (54%), weekdays (79%), and during the transition from breeding to sales (23%). Jobs with a high level of horse contact had significantly higher cost ($6,487) and higher duration lost time (16.8 days) claims, with significantly higher cost claims on the weekends ($6,471) and from the oldest workers ($7466), vs reference groups. Logistic models indicate significantly increased odds of a high\u2010cost injury among high horse contact jobs (OR\u2009=\u20091.87; 95% C.I.\u2009=\u20091.53\u20102.29) and older age tertiles (1.38; 1.08\u20101.75; 1.70, 1.32\u20102.18). The odds of a high duration lost time injury are significantly increased among high horse contact jobs (1.91; 1.53\u20102.39) and males (1.50, 1.13\u20101.98), with significantly reduced odds among the most tenured workers (0.74; 0.56\u20100.99).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings elucidate factors to reduce injury frequency, cost, and lost time among Thoroughbred horse farm workers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T05:29:22Z","timestamp":1596000562000},"page":"936-948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Analysis of Thoroughbred horse farm workers\u2019 compensation insurance claims in Kentucky: Injury frequency, cost, lost time, and associated occupational factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"John C.","family":"Flunker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health University of Kentucky  Lexington Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica Miller","family":"Clouser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Services Research, College of Medicine University of Kentucky  Lexington Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E.","family":"Swanberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health and Wellness Johnson and Wales University  Providence Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Bureau of Labor Statistics BLS.Incidence Rate and Number of Nonfatal Occupational Injuries by Industry and Ownership 2015.https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/iif\/oshwc\/osh\/os\/ostb4740.pdf. Accessed November 11 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10126500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-015-0302-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22464"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","volume-title":"The American Stud Book: Principal Rules and Requirements","author":"The Jockey Club","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19338244.2016.1216387"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22194"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"70","volume-title":"International Labor Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety","author":"Thu K","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20686"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164498"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Kentucky State Fact Book","author":"The Jockey Club","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","volume-title":"Version 26","author":"SPSS"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","volume-title":"En mis propias palabras, In my own words: A qualitative analysis of Latino horse workers depictions of their work and health. (Master of Public Health)","author":"Clouser JM","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Understanding work organisation factors on thoroughbred farms in southeastern United States","volume":"5","author":"Swanberg J","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Agric Manag"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130601133826"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2006.tb00776.x"},{"issue":"200","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current estimates from the National Helath Interview Survey, 1996. National Center for Health Statistics","volume":"10","author":"1Adams PF","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Injuries, illnesses, and fatalities among older workers","volume":"128","author":"Rogers E","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mon Labor Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2004.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0274(200101)39:1<84::AID-AJIM8>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"American Horse Council Foundation.The economic impact of the horse industry on the United Stated national report.2005.http:\/\/www.horsecouncil.org\/product\/2005-the-economic-impact-of-the-horse-industry-on-the-united-states-national-report\/. 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