{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T09:56:24Z","timestamp":1747734984919,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate trends of nonmalignant respiratory disease (NMRD) mortality among US underground uranium miners on the Colorado Plateau, and to estimate the exposure\u2013response association between cumulative radon progeny exposure and NMRD subtype mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and excess relative rates per 100 working level months (excess relative rate\u00a0[ERR]\/100 WLM) were estimated in a cohort of 4021 male underground uranium miners who were followed from 1960 through 2016.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed elevated SMRs for all NMRD subtypes. Silicosis had the largest SMR (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200952, SMR\u2009=\u200941.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 30.9, 54.3), followed by other pneumoconiosis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200949, SMR\u2009=\u200939.6; 95%\u00a0CI: 29.6, 52.3) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200964, SMR\u2009=\u20094.77; 95%\u00a0CI 3.67, 6.09). SMRs for silicosis increased with duration of employment; SMRs for IPF increased with duration of employment and calendar period. There was a positive association between cumulative radon exposure and silicosis with evidence of modification by smoking (ERR\/100 WLM<jats:sub>\u226510 pack\u2010years<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.78; 95%\u00a0CI: 0.05, 24.6 and ERR\/100 WLM<jats:sub>&lt;10 pack\u2010years<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.01; 95%\u00a0CI: \u22120.03, 0.52), as well as a small positive association between radon and IPF (ERR\/100 WLM\u2009=\u20090.06, 95%\u00a0CI: 0.00, 0.24); these associations were driven by workers with prior employment in hard rock mining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uranium mining workers had excess NMRD mortality compared with the general population; this excess persisted throughout follow\u2010up. Exposure\u2010response analyses indicated a positive association between radon exposure and IPF and silicosis, but these analyses have limitations due to outcome misclassification and missing information on occupational co\u2010exposures such as silica dust.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T05:33:59Z","timestamp":1660023239000},"page":"773-782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Nonmalignant respiratory disease mortality in male Colorado Plateau uranium miners, 1960\u20132016"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Kaitlin","family":"Kelly\u2010Reif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Field Studies and Engineering National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health  Cincinnati Ohio 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