{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:17:49Z","timestamp":1787498269396,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is linked to occupational exposures such as vibration, cold temperature, and chemicals. However, large cohort studies examining RP by occupation and sex are scarce. To address this gap, this study aimed to assess risk of RP by both occupation and sex in a large cohort of workers in Ontario, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Workers with accepted lost\u2010time compensation claims were linked to physician billing records to identify diagnoses of RP between 2002 and 2020. A 3\u2010year washout (disease\u2010free) period was applied, and follow\u2010up was limited to 5 years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for diagnoses of RP, adjusted for age at start of follow\u2010up, birth year, and stratified by sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 7,131 RP cases were identified among 810,739 workers. Among men, higher risks were observed for truck drivers (HR\u2009=\u20091.23, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.08\u20131.41), driver\u2010salesmen (HR\u2009=\u20092.54, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.21\u20135.34), those in mining and quarrying\u2010related cutting, handling, and loading (HR\u2009=\u20092.57, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.29\u20135.15), and construction trades laboring and elemental work (HR\u2009=\u20091.70, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.24\u20132.34). Among women, higher risks were observed for those working in waitressing and related (HR\u2009=\u20091.70, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.22\u20132.38), food and beverage preparation (HR\u2009=\u20091.34, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.02\u20131.76), and electrical equipment fabricating and assembling (HR 1.96, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.08\u20133.55).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study findings show elevated risks of RP among various occupations, with notable differences between men and women. These differences may be attributable to variations in potential exposures and susceptibility to RP. Findings underscore the need for large cohort studies to examine RP across various occupational groups and both sexes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T06:42:17Z","timestamp":1736404937000},"page":"344-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Risk of Raynaud's Phenomenon Among Workers in the Occupational Disease Surveillance System"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4280-9881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryann E.","family":"Yeo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanni R.","family":"Eros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul A.","family":"Demers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeavana","family":"Sritharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1526-2_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesRaynaud's Phenomenon. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. April 10 2017 accessed January 17 2024 https:\/\/www.niams.nih.gov\/health-topics\/raynauds-phenomenon."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.287.6404.1499"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/20.1.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12912"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-131692"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"1404","article-title":"Raynaud's Phenomenon in Forestry Workers in Quebec","volume":"126","author":"Th\u00e9riault G.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(93)90402-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2149"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Assessment of Hand\u2010Arm Vibration Syndrome in a Northern Ontario Base Metal Mine","volume":"22","author":"Hill C.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chronic Diseases in Canada"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004200100276"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2018.1557576"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-018-4133-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002785"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1203475420957950"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.101129"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b12481"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.49.1.53"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","first-page":"259","article-title":"[Raynaud's Syndrome in Lumberjacks Using Chain Saws. Epidemiology, Clinical and Capillaroscopic Findings]","volume":"10","author":"Patri B.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal des Maladies Vasculaires"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00386479"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22423982.2023.2295576"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004200050311"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21615"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-821X(05)80592-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.48.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.2.371"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3072"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.39.36"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-017-1221-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.44.10.711"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf223"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199806)41:6<1111::AID-ART19>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","volume-title":"Chemical Agents and Related Occupations","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","unstructured":"Government of Canada \u201cToxic Substances List: Vinyl Chloride \u201d August 13 2009 https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/environment-climate-change\/services\/management-toxic-substances\/list-canadian-environmental-protection-act\/vinyl-chloride.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","unstructured":"Ontario Government \u201cCurrent Occupational Exposure Limits for Ontario Workplaces Under Regulation 833 | Ontario.Ca \u201d accessed April 29 2024 http:\/\/www.ontario.ca\/page\/current-occupational-exposure-limits-ontario-workplaces-under-regulation-833."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2017-104926"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.942383"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2021.0421"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39001.562813.DE"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Qaja E.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","volume-title":"Vibration White Finger Disease in US Workers Using Pneumatic Chipping and Grinding Handtools, Volume I: Epidemiology Results","author":"Wasserman D.","year":"1982"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","first-page":"138","article-title":"The Industrial Toxicology of Vinyl Chloride A Review","volume":"11","author":"Holmberg B.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Work, Environment, Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.4.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.51.9.603"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annhyg\/mew040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-6870(02)00076-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health \u201cVibration Syndrome: Current Intelligence Bulletin 38\u201d Center\u00a0for Disease Control July 25 2023 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26616\/NIOSHPUB83110.","DOI":"10.26616\/NIOSHPUB83110"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-213600"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","unstructured":"E.Sormunen \u201cRepetitive Work In the Cold: Work Ability Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Thermal and Neuromuscular Responses in Food Industry Workers \u201d jultika.oulu.fi. September 1 2009 https:\/\/oulurepo.oulu.fi\/handle\/10024\/34554."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0274(200007)38:1<49::AID-AJIM6>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","first-page":"504","article-title":"Surveillance of Work\u2010Related Cold Injuries Using Workers\u2019 Compensation Claims","volume":"29","author":"Sinks T.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Occupational Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","unstructured":"\u201cVinyl Chloride\u2014Cancer\u2010Causing Substances\u2014NCI \u201d National Cancer Institute March 20 2015 https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/about-cancer\/causes-prevention\/risk\/substances\/vinyl-chloride."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(91)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979604700501"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0680639"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-3-199808010-00009"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"A Review of Raynaud's Disease","volume":"113","author":"Temprano K. K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Missouri Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/cpp.2018-014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14774003.2008.11667721"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. Women and Paid Work. March 8 2017 accessed March 18 2024 https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/89-503-x\/2015001\/article\/14694-eng.htm."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.23700","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T06:36:52Z","timestamp":1741761412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.23700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.23700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.23700","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-3586","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}