{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T04:39:37Z","timestamp":1741754377266,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000125","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to assess how knee savers (KSs) and knee pads (KPs) alleviate risks of knee musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among roofers during various phases of shingle installation. These phases encompass (1) reaching for shingles, (2) placing shingles, (3) grabbing a nail gun, (4) moving to the first nailing position, (5) nailing shingles, (6) replacing the nail gun, and (7) returning to an upright position.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a laboratory setting, nine male participants simulated the shingle installation task on a slope\u2010adjustable roof platform (0\u00b0, 15\u00b0, and 30\u00b0 slopes) under four intervention conditions: no intervention (NO); with KPs only (KP); with KSs only (KS); and with both KPs and KSs (BO). Knee flexion, abduction, adduction, and internal\/external rotations were measured to assess intervention impact through statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phase 5 (nailing shingles), one of the riskiest phases, saw reduced knee rotations, with BO and KP interventions being the most effective. Phase 6 (replacing the nail gun) exhibited notable reductions in all knee rotations, primarily due to BO intervention. Significant improvements in certain knee angles for other phases were noted, particularly with BO intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>BO and KP can lower knee strain by minimizing extreme knee postures and thereby reducing the risk of MSDs during the installation of shingles, especially at critical periods and on steeper slopes. This study highlights the importance of applying focused ergonomic techniques in the roofing sector to improve workers' musculoskeletal health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T01:33:46Z","timestamp":1736472826000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phase Level Assessment of Ergonomic Intervention Effectiveness in Reducing Knee Musculoskeletal Disorder Risks During Residential Roof Shingle Installation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Nazia","family":"Zerin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott P.","family":"Breloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8868-2821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4648-4464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert E.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin D.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Hawke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik W.","family":"Sinsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John Z.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2015.05.005"},{"volume-title":"The Construction Chart Book: The United States Construction Industry and Its Workers","year":"2018","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"BLS (US Bureau of Labor Statistics). Table EH1. Number of Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Involving Days Away From Work by Selected Worker and Case Characteristics and Medical Treatment Facility Visits all U.S. Private Industry 2020. 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000979"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2019.102901"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2020.1772378"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001783"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2016.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.27.3.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2010.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20170737"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2019.102868"},{"volume-title":"Roofers Handbook","year":"1976","author":"Johnson W. E.","key":"e_1_2_13_16_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.22.4.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.03.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1989.10.9.366"},{"volume-title":"Research Methods in Biomechanics","year":"2013","author":"Robertson D. G. E.","key":"e_1_2_13_20_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18600\/toj.010107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","first-page":"550","article-title":"Frontal Plane Knee Motion of ACL\u2010Repaired and Non\u2010Injured Females When Using Knee Savers","volume":"32","author":"Stone W. J.","journal-title":"ISBS\u2010Conference Proceedings Archiv"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.23701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T16:51:15Z","timestamp":1741711875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.23701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.23701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.23701","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0271-3586"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-0274"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}