{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:10:22Z","timestamp":1790946622932,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Per\u2010 and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with multiple health effects including pregnancy\u2010induced hypertension and pre\u2010eclampsia, increased serum hepatic enzymes, increased in serum lipids, decreased antibody response to vaccines, and decreased birth weight. Millions of US workers are exposed to PFAS at their workplaces. Our objective was to estimate the serum levels of the five PFAS that are most frequently detected in the US general population(perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)) among US adult workers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 4476 workers aged \u2265\u200920 years with PFAS analyte results available who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005\u20132014. Geometric mean serum levels of PFAS (ng\/mL) were obtained across industry and occupation groups using the PFAS subsample weight in SAS\u2010callable SUDAAN V11.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 21 industry groups, the highest geometric mean PFAS levels (ng\/mL) were observed in Construction (PFOS\u2009=\u200912.61\u2009ng\/mL, PFOA\u2009=\u20093.76, PFHxS\u2009=\u20092.10, PFNA\u2009=\u20091.23, and PFDA\u2009=\u20090.33), followed by Utilities (PFOS\u2009=\u200912.46), and Real Estate\/Rental\/Leasing (PFOS\u2009=\u200912.15). The lowest geometric mean PFAS levels were seen in Private Households (PFOS\u2009=\u20096.34, PFOA\u2009=\u20092.12, PFHxS=0.75, PFNA\u2009=\u20090.86, and PFDA\u2009=\u20090.25). Among 22 occupation groups, the highest geometric mean PFAS levels were observed in Life\/Physical\/Social Science occupations (PFOS\u2009=\u200913.19, PFOA\u2009=\u20093.54, PFHxS=\u20091.69, PFNA\u2009=\u20091.23, and PFDA\u2009=\u20090.33), followed by Installation\/Maintenance\/Repair occupations (PFOS\u2009=\u200912.75), and Construction\/Extraction occupations (PFOS\u2009=\u200912.15). The lowest geometric mean PFAS levels were found in Personal Care\/Service occupations (PFOS\u2009=\u20097.25, PFOA\u2009=\u20092.43, PFHxS\u2009=\u20091.07, PFNA\u2009=\u20090.94, and PFDA\u2009=\u20090.25).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some industry and occupation groups had higher geometric mean levels of PFAS in serum compared to others. Further investigation of these industries and occupations may result in a better understanding of the sources and degree of occupational exposure to PFAS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T09:27:40Z","timestamp":1745832460000},"page":"531-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Serum Concentration of Selected Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Industry and Occupational Groups Among US Adult Workers, NHANES 2005\u20132014"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0245-5899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ja K.","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8683-1539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luenda E.","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chol Seung","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Mnatsakanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Dzubak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"McCanlies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morgantown West Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"\u201cThe Family Tree of Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) for Environmental Health Professionals Names and Abbreviations NCEH Fact Sheet \u201d Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) 2017 https:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/pfas\/docs\/PFAS-FamilyTree-Community.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls(US Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service 2021) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15620\/cdc:59198 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